Cholera vaccine faces large-scale testing in Yemen
July 06, 2017 Source: Science Network
Window._bd_share_config={ "common":{ "bdSnsKey":{ },"bdText":"","bdMini":"2","bdMiniList":false,"bdPic":"","bdStyle":" 0","bdSize":"16"},"share":{ }};with(document)0[(getElementsByTagName('head')[0]||body).appendChild(createElement('script')) .src='http://bdimg.share.baidu.com/static/api/js/share.js?v=89860593.js?cdnversion='+~(-new Date()/36e5)];Imagine that in a poor country with a size and a war-torn country, more than 20 million people are threatened by a deadly disease that spreads rapidly between cities. You can control 1 million vaccines. Who are you trying to protect?
This is a problem faced by public health experts and international groups fighting in Yemen with the rapidly spreading cholera epidemic. Recently, a team that manages a moderate reserve of global cholera vaccine has decided to distribute 1 million vaccines to Yemen. This accounts for almost half of the team's current stock, and vaccination is scheduled to begin in early July. This will be one of the largest tests for cholera vaccines. However, World Health Organization (WHO) cholera expert Dominique Legros said that where to conduct this test is still in dispute.
The experience of medical staff in handling large-scale emergencies, including killed bacteria and oral administration, is very limited. At the same time, global reserves were created only four years ago and are used primarily for smaller-scale operations. “How to use the vaccine to stop the spread of the disease? We are still learning,†said Melissa Ko from the Global Alliance for Vaccines and Immunization. The agency provides funding for the cholera vaccine reserve. Experts have decided to relieve the vaccine supply problem by giving one dose instead of the recommended two doses, but where to start vaccination is still under discussion. Some people have warned that because of the limited efficacy of the vaccine, even if the supply is sufficient, it may only have a limited impact on large-scale epidemics.
Cholera is just the latest tragedy that has come to Yemen. Since 2015, troops loyal to President Abdrabbuh Mansour Hadi have begun to fight against the rebels. The latter is a Shiite insurgent who formed an alliance with former deposed President Ali Abdullah Saleh in 2012. They controlled the country's capital, Sana'a and the northern region, while Hadi controlled the southern region, including the port city of Aden. The conflict between the two sides has killed thousands of people, destroyed most of the country’s infrastructure and paralyzed the health system. According to WHO estimates, 14.5 million people do not have access to clean drinking water, creating an ideal environment for Vibrio cholerae.
The cholera case in Yemen began to increase sharply in April this year, and it is estimated that it has reached 200,000 cases, resulting in 1,300 deaths. Most of them are located in the western part of the country. Currently, there are 5,000 new cases every day. (slowly)
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