In December, the sunlight exposure time is shortened and accompanied by rain and snow. At this time, most of the strawberries in the greenhouse enter the flowering and fruiting stage, from the vegetative growth stage to the reproductive growth stage. At this time, it is particularly important to manage the temperature, ventilation, water and fertilizer of strawberries in the greenhouse. The specific management methods are as follows:
Properly adjust the temperature in the greenhouse. In order to ensure the timely supply of nutrients to the fruit, the greenhouse temperature should be appropriately increased during the daytime. It is recommended that the maximum temperature during the daytime be maintained at 28 ~ 30 ° C. At night, the greenhouse temperature should be reduced accordingly at night, and the nighttime temperature should be maintained at 5-6 ° C.
Pay attention to ventilation. Use the size of the air vent to control the ventilation. After pulling for 20 minutes in the morning, when the temperature in the shed slightly rises, you can ventilate for a short time. Open the top air vent with a slit of about 5 cm, and ventilate for about 10 minutes, and then close immediately. The air vents warm the greenhouse. When the highest temperature reaches 28 ~ 30 ℃, start the second ventilation, and close the air outlet when the temperature reaches 22 ℃. At this time, the size of the air outlet to be released should be determined according to the actual situation. The principle is that it should be small but not large to ensure the ventilation time.
According to the thermal insulation characteristics of the respective greenhouses, the time of the cover is determined. Taking the current high-insulation daylight greenhouse as an example, it should be released at about 5 pm. The temperature of the greenhouse at this time is about 8 ° C, and the temperature the next morning can be maintained at about 5 ° C. If the temperature during exhalation is too high, delay the exhalation time and wait for the temperature to drop to 8 ° C. You can also leave a small air outlet of a few centimeters at the air vent during exhalation. The management of the greenhouse should be based on the characteristics and characteristics of its own greenhouse, the needs of strawberry growth and changes in the external environment. The greenhouse with poor thermal insulation effect should be covered early.
Management of rainy and snowy days is the key to winter management of strawberries in greenhouses. When watering, pay attention to the changes in the weather. Do not water or spray medicine on cloudy days. If you must use medicine, you should use fumigants or dust. On a cloudy day, you should let out a small wind to ventilate the greenhouse and replenish fresh air. Rain On snowy days, you need to “steal†time and look for opportunities to let the wind go; when it rains, do n’t let go. When it ’s snowy, you can wait for the snow to stop after the snow is cleared. In the winter when the greenhouse is being blown, the top air outlet can only be put on, and the bottom wind and waist wind must not be opened.
Strengthen water and fertilizer management based on weather changes. Always pay attention to the weather changes that day, and at the same time, do not water or fertilize in rainy and snowy days. In mid-December, strawberries grow rapidly. Make sure to water the plants once a week and fertilize them every two weeks. The watering should be relatively sufficient. Every 15 to 20 days, apply phosphorus and potassium fertilizer to the root, applying 40-50 kg of potassium dihydrogen phosphate per acre or 70-80 kg of rotten beef or pork bone meal, and dilute with water to 80-100. After doubling the roots, or drip irrigation with topdressing. Fertilization and watering time should be from 9 am to 11 am, to prevent watering in the afternoon to ensure that the ground temperature is restored as soon as possible.
Pay attention to calcium supplements. After the strawberry has entered the rapid growth period of flowering and fruiting, the edges of the new leaves of the strawberry are often black and dry, the leaves are wrinkled, and the young fruits are dry. This is not a symptom of viral disease, but a physiological calcium deficiency. It is recommended to add 2 to 3 kg of Genli Calcium per acre when watering, once every 15 to 20 days in winter and once every 10 to 15 days after the Spring Festival; combined with foliar spraying of Aixi Calcium Boron or Aixi Magnesium 500 times more calcium, Strawberry fruit parts should be sprayed evenly. The use of calcium fertilizer can increase the hardness of the fruit to a certain extent, especially the two varieties of Hongyan and Zhang Ji should pay more attention to the application of calcium fertilizer.
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