Thick-skinned melons enjoy a higher temperature than muskmelons, and the planting period is a little late. Generally, the gardens are opened later than muskmelons, and they are resistant to transportation. They are greatly affected by the warmth of the northern transportation in the warm area. It is one of the important precocious measures.
The early maturity of Elizabeth, Yellow River Honey, and Reticulated Muskmelon seedlings are selected. It is best to raise seedlings about 40 days before the appropriate planting period, preferably in a solar greenhouse. The nursery effect on the horse dung hotbed in the greenhouse is also very good. Before sowing, soak the seeds in warm water at 25 ℃ ~ 30 ℃ for 8 ~ 10 hours. After the seeds are out of water, dry the surface with floating water, wrap the cloth, and germinate at a temperature of about 30 ℃. When the buds grow about 1 cm, sow the seeds. A large centimeter bowl holds the bed soil. After pouring the bottom water, sow a germinated seed in each bowl, cover the bed soil 1.5 to 2 centimeters thick, place the nursery bowl in the solar greenhouse or the greenhouse of horse manure in the greenhouse, and cover it with mulch Nursery bowl, keep warm and moisturize. After sowing, maintain the soil temperature in the nursery bowl at 20 ℃ ~ 22 ℃. The temperature of the seedling bed is 28 ℃ ~ 30 ℃ during the sunny day and 18 ℃ above the night. The seedling emerges at a higher temperature to ensure the uniformity of the seedling and prevent the seedling stage cataplexy. Under this condition, seedlings emerge in about 3 days, and the mulch is removed when the buds are buried in the soil to prevent the buds from being burned around noon.
After emergence, the temperature will be reduced to 26 ℃ ~ 28 ℃ in the sunny day and 15 ℃ ~ 16 ℃ at night. After the two true leaves are exhibited, the night temperature can be reduced to 13 ℃ ~ 15 ℃. The seedling pot can't be drought, and it should be watered every 5-7 days. After watering, the piece of soil can lengthen the number of days between watering, thereby reducing the number of watering. Thick-skinned melons like strong light, to keep the shed film clean, without water drops, and to enhance the light intensity. When the seedlings have about 3 true leaves, in order to prevent the seedling leaves from shading each other, the distance between the stalks and the pots should be opened in time to improve the light situation inside the seedling group. If the color of the large leaves at the base fades out, it is the performance of nitrogen-deficient fertilizer. Leaf fertilizer should be sprayed. The seedlings can grow 4 ~ 5 true leaves about 40 days after sowing, reaching the suitable planting age. Because the large and middle sheds of thick-skinned melons are cooler than the solar greenhouses and horse dung hotbeds for seedlings, in order to adapt the seedlings to the lower temperatures in the large and medium sheds, the seedlings are trained 5 to 7 days before planting, that is, Try not to water, increase the amount of air during the day, gradually reduce the cover at night, gradually reduce the night temperature to 7 ℃ ~ 8 ℃, enhance the adaptability of the seedlings to low temperature, can be planted early for a few days, early seedlings and early maturity. When the soil temperature in the 10 cm deep layer in the large and medium sheds is stable at about 12 ℃, plant 4 to 5 true leaf seedlings in the large and medium sheds.
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Food additives refer to chemical synthetic substances or natural substances intentionally added to food in order to improve the quality, color, aroma, and taste of food, as well as for the needs of anti-corrosion and processing technology. These additives are usually added in small amounts during the food production process to enhance the sensory properties, stability, safety or convenience of the food.
The functional classification of food additives includes but is not limited to the following:
1. Acidity regulator: used to maintain the acid-base balance of food.
2. Anti-caking agent: prevent food ingredients from clumping or aggregating.
3. Defoamer: Reduce or eliminate foam in the food production process.
4. Antioxidants: prevent food oxidation and deterioration, extend shelf life.
5. Bleach: used to improve the color of food.
6. Leavening agent: make the food expand during cooking or baking.
7. Base agent substances in gum-based candies: ingredients that provide a gelatinous texture.
8. Colorants: give food a specific color.
9. Color protectants: Protect food color from oxidation or other factors.
10. Emulsifier: help oil and water and other insoluble substances mix evenly.
11. Enzyme preparations: used to catalyze specific reactions in food processing.
12. Flavor enhancer: enhances or improves the taste of food.
13. Flour treatment agent: Improve the processing performance of flour.
14. Film agent: Form a protective film on the surface of the food to prevent drying or oxidation.
15. Moisture retention agent: to maintain the moisture content of food, affecting its taste and shelf life.
16. Nutritional fortifier: Increase the nutritional value of food, such as adding vitamins or minerals.
17. Preservatives: prevent food from spoilage and extend shelf life.
18. Stabilizers and coagulants: improve the stability of food or make it solidify.
19. Sweeteners: Provide sweet taste and can be natural or artificial.
20. Thickener: increase the viscosity or thickness of food.
21. Edible flavors: Provide or enhance the aroma of food.
22. Processing AIDS for the food industry: substances that play an auxiliary role in the food processing process.
The definition and regulation of food additives may vary from country to country, but in general, their use must comply with relevant food safety regulations and standards to ensure that the specified amount of use will not cause adverse effects on the health of consumers. The Joint Food Regulatory Committee of the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO) and the World Health Organization (WHO) has also defined and classified food additives.
Food Additive, Health food ingredient, Nutritional Supplements, Dietary Supplements
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