Feeding and Management Technology of Fish Feed in Summer
Feed is an important input in aquaculture production. The quality of feed and the rationality of feed feeding technology are important factors affecting aquaculture performance and environmental and ecological benefits. During the high temperature period in summer, the bait is rich and the fish eat well, which is the golden season for fish growth. However, during this period, the temperature is high and there are many potential safety hazards. High temperatures are not conducive to the growth and reproduction of fish. When the water temperature is above 33°C, many fish lose their appetite and grow slowly. Therefore, feed management and management of intensive fish ponds seems to be Very important.
First, choose high quality feed
For compound feed, protein is the most important nutrient necessary for fish growth, and protein content is also the main indicator of fish feed quality. Summer is a period of rapid growth of fish, and the protein content of feed is more important. For the same type of rain, feeds with high protein content can be appropriately reduced, while feeds with low protein content should be increased. Since the current fish feed does not have a uniform nutritional standard, and the protein content of fish feed is uneven, full-price compound feeds should be selected from regular manufacturers, in which the contents of various components must meet the needs of fish growth, and formula science must be provided. , reasonable ratio, excellent quality. If live bait is used, it is required to be suitable for fish taste, non-toxic and harmless. In order to prevent feed unsanitary, chlorine dioxide or potassium permanganate can be used for disinfection.
Second, grasp the feeding time
In summer, the weather changes greatly. When feeding, select a time when the daily dissolved oxygen is high, and feed regularly according to the water temperature. When the water temperature is below 20°C, feed it once a day, at 9:00 am or 4:00 pm; When the water temperature is 20-25 °C, feeding twice a day, at 8 am and 5 pm; when the water temperature at 25-30 °C, feeding 3 times a day, respectively, at 8 am, 2 pm and 6 pm Hours; When the water temperature is above 30°C in the hot weather, feed once a day, choose at 9:00 am.
Third, control the amount of feeding
When the water temperature rises above 30°C in the midsummer, the fish have a strong appetite and grow rapidly. It is necessary to increase feeding, and the daily feeding amount accounts for 3% to 4% of the total weight of the fish. However, attention should be paid to the quality of feed and prevent the leftovers, and Water quality needs to be adjusted to prevent pollution. The amount of bait should be flexibly adjusted according to weather, water quality, and fish feeding conditions. In the case of long-term rain, the condition of dissolved oxygen in the water body is poor, and fish consumption is reduced. If a large amount of water is fed, it will result in wastage of feed and excessive deterioration of the quality of water due to leftovers and induce damage. Therefore, the feeding should be controlled at about 70% of the normal feeding amount. When the weather is slightly better and the water quality is fresh, it can be properly cast. In hot weather, the feeding amount should be further reduced or the food should be stopped properly. When feeding, it is mainly formulated feed, green feed supplement, pay attention to coarse and fine. The number of feedings also needs to be a small number of times. Generally, the concentrate feeds are fed 2 to 3 times a day. Feeding is required to be fed at fixed points. Wherever conditions are available, bait stations can be set up to facilitate feeding and observation of fish eating conditions.
Fourth, grasp the feeding method
Feeding feeds at high temperatures should be approached. One is to master feeding standards. During the high-temperature period, daily feeding accounts for 3% to 4% of the total fish weight, but leftovers should be prevented. The second is to distinguish breeds. Different kinds of fish have different potential growth and nutrient requirements for growth during the high temperature period, so their feeding amount should be different from the feed variety. The third is to grasp the period of eating. The high temperature period is generally better than feeding 70%. Select fixed-point feeding observations, generally depending on the feeding situation 1 to 2 hours after feeding. After 1 hour of eating, it indicates that the food is to be fed, and 2 hours have not been eaten yet. It should be appropriately reduced. If the fish is fed regularly for a longer period of time, the time for eating the fish suddenly decreases to 2 hours, indicating that the body of the fish should gain weight and the feeding standard should be adjusted. The fourth is to watch fish ponds. The general fertilizer is oily green or yellow-brown, with lighter water in the morning and thicker in the afternoon. The transparency of the water is about 30 centimeters, indicating that the fat is moderate and can be fed normally; when the transparency is more than 40 cm, the water quality is too thin and the feeding amount should be increased. When the transparency is less than 20 cm, the water quality is too fat and the feeding should be stopped or reduced. The water level of the main carp can be determined according to the turbidity of the water. If the entire pond is very turbid, showing a muddy yellow color, and eliminating high-temperature period heavy rain or man-made reasons, it can be proved that the carp is active and frequent at the bottom of the pool, and the mud is muddy due to continuous arching of the mud. It can be determined that the carp is in a state of starvation and should be increased. Feeding amount. Fifth, pay attention to reasonable operation. Feeding attention Do not pour the feed into the pool at one time, so as to avoid dissolving nutrients and causing waste or water quality. Feeding the feed and domesticating should grasp the "slow, fast, slow" rhythm and "less, more, less" feeding amount, a small number of times in order to improve the feeding effect. In low-oxygen periods such as cloudy days and rainy seasons, feed as little or as little as possible to prevent flooding or wasting feed.
Fifth, do a good job of feed management
The first is to prevent moisture and mold. During the high-temperature period, the feed is susceptible to mildew and deterioration. The feed should be kept in a dry and ventilated place. When stored in a warehouse, it should be more than 30cm above the ground, and it should not be against the wall. In addition, the feed should be protected from rain or artificial wetting during transport so that nutrients are not dissolved. The second is to pay attention to the shelf life. The feed should be purchased now and used to ensure that the child runs out of shelf life. It is not allowed to use expired compound feeds cheaply, because their nutrient content is not up to the requirements, and they may be detrimental to fish.
Sixth, strengthen daily management
The first is to adjust the water quality. Usually every 7 to 10 days, add new water once, each time adding 15 to 20 centimeters of water. When the deterioration of water in Dianchi Lake is severe, it is advisable to adopt water change measures to maintain good water quality conditions. The pond should be equipped with a special aerator, which can normally be turned on for oxygen at 2-3 pm on a sunny day, and can be turned on for oxygenation when there is a risk of floating heads. Lime can also be used to regulate the water quality on a regular basis. Usually, every half a month, lime uses 15 to 20 kilograms of quicklime to splash it once. In the event of fish floating heads, oxygenation agents and other related drugs may also be used to increase oxygen. The second is to pay attention to healthy breeding. Pay attention to scientific breeding, such as regular disinfection, careful operation, reasonable fertilization and so on. The third is prevention and treatment of diseases. Mainly adopt clear ponds, fingerling disinfection, tools and foodstuffs disinfection, timely disinfection of the book body and drug prevention of fish diseases in the epidemic season and other measures. A type of disease should be promptly diagnosed and treated, and the right medicine should be prescribed. The fourth is to do a good round of rotation. To control the amount of fish in the water body, because the fishes grow faster in the high-temperature period, as the fish body grows and exceeds the amount of fish in the water body, the risk of dead fish with oxygen deficiency will occur, so you should do a good catch round Releasing work, catching up and staying small, and equitable listing, and if water permits, it can also make up for the appropriate number of fish species in time to lay a good foundation for the next year's farming. Fifth, we must adhere to the tour pond. Generally, it is necessary to adhere to the morning, evening, day and evening patrol ponds, observe the water quality in the pond, and observe the situation of pond fish activities. Grasp the situation of fish physiological activities, adjust feeding plans and measures in a timely manner, identify problems and take effective measures to deal with them, and prevent enemies. Harm of harmful organisms on cultured species. We must do a good job of preventing floods, preventing drought, preventing flight, and stealing, so as to ensure that every link is absolutely safe.
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