Because of the annual cultivation of vegetables and the use of more chemical fertilizers, the soil of the vegetable fields is aging, the knots, the pests and diseases are serious, and the economic benefits are degraded. Therefore, it is very important to improve the soil of the vegetable fields. The following five measures can be taken:
1. Add organic fertilizer. After the application of organic fertilizer, the factors such as water, fertilizer, gas, heat and bacteria in the tillage layer are coordinated and unified, which not only creates an excellent environment with suitable temperature, humidity and fertilizer for the growth of roots and stems of the seedlings, but also effectively Improve soil traits.
2, deep ploughing. In combination with the application of organic fertilizer, the tillage layer will be gradually deepened to make the depth of the tillage layer reach 30 cm or more. At the same time, the use of winter ploughing frozen soil, summer and autumn drying, promote soil ripening, improve soil fertility. In addition, it is necessary to diligently plan and activate the soil, so that the permeability of the soil is good. After the vegetables are fixed, they should be slashed every 3~5 days, and the depth should be 3~5 cm.
3. Rotation for raising land. Implement reasonable rotation of different families of vegetables, such as leafy vegetables that require more nitrogen, fruits and vegetables that require more phosphorus, and stems that require more potassium; turn deep-rooted beans, melons, The solanaceous fruit is rotated with the shallow-rooted cabbage, cabbage, cucumber, onion and garlic, which can make full use of the various nutrients contained in the soil and the nutrients in different soil layers, and gradually improve the fertility and reduce the pathogens. The hazard of accumulation of harmful substances.
4. Apply biological fertilizer. After a long period of continuous cropping, the accumulation of harmful microorganisms in the soil and the reduction of beneficial microorganisms can increase the beneficial microorganisms in the soil after applying the biological fertilizer, so that the soil can be improved.
5. Reasonable watering. Drip irrigation has the function of protecting the soil. It is slowly infiltrating the soil, avoiding the erosion of the soil surface caused by flooding and reducing the destructive effect on the soil layer.
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