Improve feeding environment, cow safety, summer
Building a awning
The cows spend most of their time in the sports field and rest. There are dairy farms and households in the sports field. The awnings can be built above the sports field. The awnings are built to be east-west. The height of the shed is 5 meters. The roof materials can be used with different transmittances. The sunshade film with good thermal insulation performance should be built into the inclined ceiling to facilitate air circulation. If there is no playground, install a horizontal sun visor or shade net above the barn window; or stack the hay on the roof, or use a lime slurry to spray the walls of the barn to reduce heat radiation. Plant trees and flowers around the barn to improve the small environment of the barn.
Keep the cow house well ventilated
Open doors and windows to enhance air convection. Ventilation holes are reserved at the top of the barn, and a large ventilation fan and a fan with a large air volume (2 m/s to 2.3 m/s) are installed in the house to accelerate the airflow in the house and take away the heat of the cow's body surface. When the temperature is higher than 29 °C and the humidity is above 50%, the temperature needs to be lowered from 5:00 in the morning to 1:00 in the next day. The difference in body temperature and temperature between the cows at night is relatively large, which can shorten the air supply time.
Spray shower cooling
The sprayer nozzle is installed at 0.8~1.0 meters above the cow bed, and the solenoid valve switch faucet is connected with the tap water pipe with a certain pressure to make the sprayed water atomized. When the temperature inside the house exceeds 26 ° C, spray for 3 to 5 minutes every 30 to 45 minutes. Install a shower head or a drilling water pipe on the bed of the cow near the manure, and periodically or irregularly shower the cow body to directly cool down and enhance evaporation. When the temperature in the house reaches 26 ° C, water is sprayed for 1 minute every 30 to 45 minutes. After the spray is cooled or the shower is cooled, pay attention to turn on the fan or fan to reduce the humidity inside the house. Install a sprinkler on the roof of the barn to reduce the temperature inside the house.
Do a good job of cattle and environmental sanitation
Cows can dissipate heat through pores and skin. In the hot summer, often flushing and brushing the bovine body with water on time can reduce the surface temperature of the cow and reduce heat stress. In addition, pests such as mosquitoes and insects can interfere with the normal rest of the cows and even spread the disease. You can use 1% to 1.5% of trichlorfon to spray the barn and the surrounding environment to kill pests such as mosquitoes and flies.
Provide adequate drinking water
Cows need a lot of water, and the amount of water needed is 70-120 liters per day and night. In the hot summer, the amount of water consumed by cows will increase. It is necessary to provide fresh and clean drinking water to the cows. It is best to use cold water, deep well water or newly released tap water. , to ensure that drinking water once every 1.5~2 hours. The water quality should meet the drinking water hygiene standards, and the water tank should be washed after each drinking. In the high temperature and drought period, when the water source is lacking, it is necessary to carry out the well drilling in time to effectively solve the problem of water supply in rural areas; in the absence of running water and well water, pay attention to the quality of the water source, and clarify the water in 100 kg of water. Add 10 grams of potassium permanganate to sterilize. Add ten drops of water or musk qi water to the drinking water, which has obvious heatstroke prevention effect.
Scientific matching feed
Increase the nutrient content of the diet, reduce the feed of roughage, and increase the proportion of concentrate (but not more than 60%). Increase the protein level of the diet, the protein content can be increased to 18% to 20% of the dietary content, feed more green and high quality forage, feed more carrots, bean dregs, beer slag and other juicy feed. In the hot and dry period, when grass is scarce, hay can be used instead of grass.
Feeding porridge
Change some of the concentrate to porridge. Use 1.5 kg of concentrate, 1.5 to 2.5 kg of carrots, add 5 to 8 kg of water, boil it into porridge, and feed it after cooling. It can increase the amount of milk in the milk steak and take away more calories.
Increase minerals and vitamins
In hot weather, cows breathe and sweat perspiration, often causing mineral deficiency. Therefore, it is necessary to increase the content of minerals such as potassium, sodium and magnesium in the diet. Potassium can be increased to 1.2% to 1.5% of dry matter in the diet, 0.5% in sodium, and 0.3% in magnesium. Each day can be supplemented with potassium chloride 60-80 grams, sodium bicarbonate 100-150 grams, 30-50 grams of magnesium chloride. After the cow has heatstroke, the synthesis ability is reduced and it is necessary to increase the amount of vitamins to be fed. Add 0.04% to 0.06% of vitamin C and 3 to 5 times of normal vitamin E to the cow's feed.
Adjust feeding time and feeding method
Cows eat 2 to 3 hours after the peak of body heat production, so the summer should increase the amount of night feed, especially the coarse material, should be fed from 20:00 to 6:00 am the next day, can feed the residue at noon Class and heatstroke prevention drugs and feed, night feed can account for 60% to 80% of the diet. Feeding methods can increase the number of feedings, less feeding, and feeding 4 times a day.
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