Winter cauliflower is in the cold winter, without any protection measures, can safely winter in the open, the cauliflower listed in March. It plays an important role in regulating the off-season market for early Spring vegetables, meeting the needs of urban and rural people, and increasing the income of vegetable farmers. At present, this technology has been successfully tested in Zoucheng and Qufu cities in our province. Now it is introduced as follows. I. Variety selection 1. Aoxue No. 1 has a total growth period of 220 days. The plant development degree is 50cm, the plant height is 45cm, and there are about 25 functional leaves. The leaves are grayish green and hypertrophic, the outer leaves are flat, the inner leaves are slightly wrinkled, and the veins are veined. White green, wax powder medium. The flowers are fine and the ball is tight and white. Single ball weight 1.0 ~ 2.0kg, 3500 ~ 4000kg per 667 square output. The short-term low temperature of -13°C can be harvested and marketed in the middle and early March of the following year. 2. Aoxue No. 2 has a fertility period of about 230 days, strong growth, plant development degree 60cm, plant height 45cm, leaf blade long oval, functional leaves 28 or so, outer leaves large, inner leaf cohesion, veins white and green, flower ball high Round, white and firm. Single ball weight 1.5 ~ 2.5kg, 3500 ~ 5000kg per 667m2 output. Extremely cold-resistant, at -15 °C low temperature, without any protection, can safely winter. The growth rate of flower bulbs is fast, and Hunchun can be listed in the middle and late March. Second, nurturing strong seedlings 1. Seedbed selection of high dry terrain, drainage, smooth, well-ventilated, loose and fertile plots, according to 1.7m wide flat rake, rake width 1m, digging in the center of the sluice drains, deep 10 ~ 15cm, width 30 ~ 40cm, both sides of the drainage ditch for the insect film pressure zone. Seedlings grow 7m long, for manure before the maturity of the screening of the mixed manure 100 ~ 150kg, compound fertilizer 0.5kg, pour back and forth 2 times, in order to facilitate fertilizer and soil mixing. Because of the high temperature and rainfall during the sowing season, the sun is strong and it is necessary to raise seedlings under the shade. The shade shed can be made in the local area, built into a shed about 1m in height, and covered with a net or curtain to cool and moisturize and prevent rainstorms from impacting the seedlings. After the seedlings were removed, the shade nets were removed and replaced with insect nets or screens to prevent the moths from harming. 2. Seeding is generally done at the end of July to the beginning of August. Sowing before sowing 2 to 3 days, the seedbed pouring foot water, sowing thin layer of fine soil. Immediately according to the 10cm10cm row spacing, 2 to 3 seeds per hole, sowing after the cover soil, sealed, with 3 ~ 4g per m2 species. 3. Seedling management after sowing seedlings 3 to 4 days out, should be promptly withdraw shade net put insect nets. One week later, the cotyledons should be expanded, which means that they should be seedlings, leaving 1 seedling per hole, pouring water once every 3 to 4 days, and keeping the seedbeds wet. When the seedlings 3 to 4 leaves, a small amount of urea should be topdressed. Pay attention to prevent pests and weeds. Third, the selection of planting sites with high topography and unobstructed fertility, after the harvest, on the basis of clean gardens, 5,000 to 6,000 kg of organic manure per 667 square meters, 50 kg of compound fertilizer, ploughing and cultivating, made into flat. , width 1.0 ~ 1.5m. When the seedling age is 30 days, 6 to 7 true leaves of the seedlings should be planted. To prevent transpiration, choose to plant on a cloudy or late evening and water to keep up. Row spacing 50cm, spacing 50 ~ 59cm, planting 2300 ~ 2800 per 667 square. Size seedlings were planted separately to improve the uniformity of the field. IV. Field Management 1. After the water and fertilizer management is easing, timely cultivating, appropriate seedlings, root growth, 7 to 10 days after pouring a permeable, with 20 to 25 kg of fertilizer per 667 square meters of water, so that plants grow robust and powerful The cluster of leaves. The water is usually poured every other week, so that the wet surface see dry see wet, to maintain the relative humidity of the soil 70% to 80%. Every 667 square feet after the ball catch 10 ~ 15kg urea and the amount of potash. When the diameter of the flower ball reaches 9 to 10cm, it enters the later stage of the shoot. The whole plant is at the highest peak of growth, and is top-dressed again, applying urea 20 to 25kg per 667 square meters to meet the needs of forming a huge flower bulb. Every 4 to 5 days thereafter Sprinkle water until harvested. Pay attention not to water during the deep winter, and timely watering the soil after thawing in early spring. 2. Covered with plastic film, it is safe to pass through the winter when the winter is not protected. In order to prevent severe weather that changes frequently in winter and avoid accidental losses, according to the weather forecast in the winter season, when the minimum temperature in the outside world drops to about -10°C, the film should be covered in the vegetable field in time. When the outside temperature is higher than -10°C, both sides of the membrane should be opened during the daytime during sunny days to make the waterproof gas too heavy and cause the outside leaves to be yellow. Pay attention to the membrane around the night. 3. Bundle cover ball ball can change from white to light yellow under direct sunlight, and then turn into green and purple, making the texture of the flower ball thicker and the quality is reduced. Therefore, when the flower ball diameter is more than 10cm, the 2~3 leaves of the near flower ball can be bundled or folded over the surface of the flower ball to prevent direct sunlight, but do not break the leaves. Older newspapers can also be used to cover flower balls, which can achieve the same effect. 4. Pest control pests and diseases mainly include black rot, virus disease, downy mildew, cabbage caterpillar, diamondback moth and aphids. Black rot was treated with 50% Garrett mixture 500 times, and agricultural streptomycin 4000 times. Virus disease uses virus spirit, virus A, virus abundance, etc. Downy mildew was treated with 40% diethylaluminophosphate 400 times, 58% metalaxyl manganese zinc 500 times, and 70% mancozeb manganese 500 times. The cabbage caterpillar was controlled with Bt emulsion, 2.5% enemy killed 2000-3000 times. Plutella xylostella was treated with 1.8% chlorfenadone 1000 times, 4.5% beta-cypermethrin, and 5% ibuprofen 1000-2000 times. The aphids were treated with 2000-3000 times of 10% imidacloprid, 2000-3000 times of 50% solution, and 800-1000 times of 40% dimethoate. V. Timely Harvest When the flower bulb grows fully, it is white and fresh, the surface is dense, round and firm, and the edge flower branch has not yet been dispersed for the appropriate harvest period. Harvesting is too early to affect production; too late, the ball is loose, quality is reduced, and the value of the commodity is lost. Leave 3 to 4 leaves in order to keep the flower bulbs from being transported.
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