1. Avoid sensitive periods for sensitive crops and crops. The sensitivity and tolerance of chlorine vary greatly among different crops and varieties. Chlorine-sensitive crops are known as bogey-free crops, such as tobacco, tea, citrus, grapes, watermelons, potatoes, and milk vetch, and generally do not use or strictly control the amount of chlorinated fertilizers. Different varieties of the same crop have different chlorine resistance. For example, among the varieties of rice, the chlorine tolerance of hybrid rice is the strongest; the chlorine tolerance of conventional early rice is weak. To avoid the chlorine-sensitive period of crops, the chlorine-sensitive period of crops is mostly in the seedling stage, such as rice in the 3-5 leaf stage; wheat in the 2-5 leaf stage; Chinese cabbage, Chinese cabbage, and rape in the 4-6 leaf stage.
2, pay attention to application methods. When basal fertilizer containing chlorinated fertilizer is used, it should be applied deeper and covered with soil. Usually, it should be applied one week before sowing or transplanting, and applied to the seed or seedling underside, preferably 5-7 cm away from the topsoil. When applying topdressing, apply acupuncture points or strips and apply 5-10 cm away from the crop plants. Avoid application. When the application amount is large, the application may be divided into 2-3 times, and the topdressing may also water or dilute the fecal urine water.
3, as far as possible in the season and area with more rainfall. Applying chlorinated fertilizers in rainy seasons or in areas with high precipitation, chloride ions can be leached with water and are not easily accumulated in the soil, thus avoiding side effects on crops. Dry lands without irrigation conditions, saline-alkali lands with poor drainage, and high-temperature and dry seasons, and areas with low rainfall and low rainfall are best used without or with chlorinated fertilizers.
4, with the application of decomposed organic fertilizer and phosphate fertilizer. In the application of chlorinated fertilizers, combined with the application of decomposed organic fertilizer, can improve fertilizer efficiency and reduce the adverse effects of chloride ions on the soil. In soils with low effective phosphorus content, chloride ions have an inhibitory effect on phosphorus uptake by crops. Therefore, when applying chlorinated fertilizers, appropriate amounts of phosphate fertilizers should be used. Complex (mixed) Hefei and formula fertilizers containing chlorinated fertilizer and urea, ammonium phosphate, calcium superphosphate, calcium magnesium phosphate, etc., can not only reduce the harm of chloride ions, but also be used in combination with nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium. It can balance the effects of fertilization.
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