"Bitter gourd in the process of growth, water and fertilizer should be sufficient, so that more can be melon. Sunny sun is violent, water evaporation is fast, need to be sprayed in time, to avoid drought, affecting plant growth and development and flowering results. In high-yield period, when hydrating It should also make up the nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium fertilizers...†On August 1st, Wang Daiyong, a senior agricultural technician at the County Agriculture and Animal Husbandry Bureau, explained the high-yield fields of bitter gourd in the village. Management skills.
Timely cultivating
There should be no grass on the bitter gourd field, surrounding fields, and ditch. The bitter gourd should start from the seedling stage, that is, timely cultivating, weeding and cultivating the soil to prevent the soil of the melon head from compacting. Generally, after the planting and pouring of the seedling water, the first cultivating is carried out when the topsoil is slightly dry and not sticky. If the windy day or the soil is too dry, the water may be re-watered and then cultivated. The second cultivating can be carried out 10-15 days after the first cultivating. This time cultivating should pay attention to the protection of new roots. Each time the cultivating can be combined with some high-quality farmyard manure: such as cake fertilizer, all kinds of poultry hair and decomposed chicken manure, pig manure and so on. After the erection, when the vine grows more than 50 cm, the roots are basically covered with the whole line, and it is generally not suitable for cultivating. However, attention should be paid to removing weeds in time to prevent weeds from growing, so as to improve the ventilation and light transmission conditions in the field and reduce pests and diseases. In the first cultivating, if the seedlings or weak diseased seedlings are found, they should be replanted in time to preserve the seedlings. At the same time, we must grasp the plant arrangement, and timely remove the old, yellow, diseased leaves in the lower part of the shed, and the branches without melons hanging to the lower part. If possible, the branches without melons or female flowers on the upper part should also be removed. Diseases and insects should also be removed in time. All the leaves, branches and fruits that have been removed should be destroyed by bagging.
Try to promote flowers
Regularly apply a small amount of "flowering essence", "promoting fruit spirit", "spraying treasure", "amino acid", aloe vera, borax, phosphorus dipotassium, calcium nitrate and other agents.
Fertilizer management
The bitter gourd has more rounds, longer harvest time, and consumes a lot of water and fertilizer in a lifetime. Therefore, fertilizer management is an important guarantee for capturing high yields.
In addition to the application of the base fertilizer, it is generally applied in the vine, flowering, and results. The first top dressing is about 7 days after planting, and 10% of the decomposed human excrement or 0.5% compound fertilizer water can be applied. After every 5-7 days, the concentration is gradually increased, and when the flowering result is reached, Human excreta concentration can be increased to about 30%. During the flowering result, 2-3 times of heavy fertilizer should be chased to extend the harvest period. Generally, at the beginning of the flowering period, 25-30 kg of cake fertilizer, 15-20 kg of compound fertilizer and 10 kg of urea are used together with the soil for the first time; after the first harvest, 20-25 kg of cake fertilizer and 20 kg of compound fertilizer are continued. Once again, every time you harvest 1-2 times, you should apply 30%-40% human excrement or 10-15 kg compound fertilizer. Topdressing depends on the weather and leaf color, flexible control, and increase or decrease as appropriate.
Prevention of pests and diseases
Bitter gourd often has filariasis, blight (grafted seedlings generally do not disease), powdery mildew, blight, anthracnose and so on. The main pests are melon flies and aphids.
Powdery mildew: In the process of flowering and melon, the leaves are covered with white powder, which causes the leaves to lose green and yellow, causing premature senescence of the plants. Control method: When there is white powder on the leaves, spray the cyanopyrazole aqueous solution, the powder rust aqueous solution, the citrus, or the sulfur suspension solution every 7-10 days, and spray it continuously for 2-3 times. Note that the amount of potion must be large.
Blight: Starting from the tip of the leaf or the edge of the leaf, the shape of the lesion is irregular, the circumference is not obvious, and the initial dark green, water-stained, and then brown. The lesion can be enlarged to the whole or the majority of the leaves. When wet, a white mold is formed at the junction of the lesions. Control agents: chlorothalonil, epidemic gram, Boer lotion, Nongliling, Anke, Xixian morpholine, ethylphosphorus aluminum, anti-virus sputum or Jin Leidumir spray, the diseased leaves were removed and taken away for destruction.
Aphids: sprayed with triazophos, insecticides, insecticides, and sharpeners.
Aphids: imidacloprid, acetamiprid, avermectin spray.
Melon flies: larvae into young melons, deform the young melons, and change color in advance, then rot and deteriorate, and also emit a foul smell. Control method: In the young melon period, use the Ruijinte aqueous solution, or the agricultural land aqueous solution, or Kungfu aqueous solution to spray the young melon 2-3 times, once every 4-5 days, and remove the deformed fruit in time, and burn it out or deep in the concentrated garden. Buried.
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