Covered film garlic-peanut two-year high-yield high-yield cultivation mode
Today, Huinong.com introduces a mode of cultivation of garlic and peanuts in two years. If you want to plant these two crops and achieve high yield at the same time, you can take a look at this article!
1 cultivation mode
1.1 Garlic cultivation
The garlic is 75-80 cm wide and 10 to 15 cm high. The two sides are made of 20 cm wide watering ditch. Each seed has 4 to 5 rows, the row spacing is 15 to 20 cm, and the plant spacing is 10 to 15 cm.
1.2 Peanut cultivation
Peanut ridge distance 85cm, ridge height 10cm, ridge top width 55cm, each row 2 rows, row spacing 25 ~ 30cm, plant spacing 13 ~ 15cm.
2 Technical points
2.1 Soil preparation and fertilization
2.1.1 Garlic land preparation and fertilization
After the harvest of the former crops, it is necessary to deepen the ground in time, and then shallow tillage before planting, and then finely simmer for 3 to 5 times to make the soil squat. Combined with smashing, apply 5000kg of organic fertilizer per 667m2, and then do sputum. At the time of sowing, 25 kg of ammonium sulfate per 667 m2, 40 kg of superphosphate and 30 kg of potassium sulfate were applied.
2.1.2 Peanut land preparation and fertilization
Immediately after the harvest of garlic, the land should be smashed, 3000kg of organic fertilizer per 667m2, 10~15kg of urea, 30kg of superphosphate, 15kg of potassium sulphate, and then cultivating.
2.2 Sowing
2.2.1 Garlic sowing
The sowing time is suitable for the end of October. Before planting, the seeds are selected first, and the garlic cloves with a weight of about 500 g are used for seeding. The seeding density is preferably 25,000 to 30,000 per 667 m2. After sowing, the soil was covered with 3 cm, flattened with iron shovel, covered with mulch, and the film was stretched and flattened, and the soil was compacted on both sides. And immediately poured a water to facilitate the emergence of seedlings.
2.2.2 Peanut sowing
Garlic and peanuts have shorter growth periods than spring peanuts, and productivity per plant is limited. Therefore, after the garlic is harvested, it is necessary to grab the peanuts quickly and sown the peanuts, and increase the seeding density. Each 667 m2 species is 0.95 to 1.0 million points, and 2 seeds are seeded per hole. Spray the herbicide and cover the membrane in time after sowing.
2.3 Field management
2.3.1 Field management of garlic
Garlic is generally not watered after emergence. Before wintering, the garlic seedlings should reach 5 leaves, the plant height is 20-25 cm, and the roots are about 30 standards to ensure the safe wintering of the garlic seedlings. The mulching film is generally not covered with grass. After the convulsions, the garlic seedlings began to turn green. After the spring equinox, the planting petals began to rot and the plant growth accelerated. During this period of management, attention should be paid to increasing the ground temperature, keeping in mind the flooding. The pouring back to Qingshui should be carried out according to the lyrics, the seedlings and the weather conditions. When the temperature is high, the water should be poured early. If the temperature is low, the temperature can be lowered late. For weak seedlings, a small amount of nitrogen fertilizer can be applied in combination with watering. From the differentiation of garlic stalks to the convulsion period, the plants grow rapidly, and vegetative growth and reproductive growth go hand in hand. This is the period when garlic needs the most fertilizer and water, and should be topdressed and watered in time. The fertilizer is mainly available as a quick-acting nitrogen fertilizer, and the leaf surface can also be sprayed with a 0.3% to 0.5% potassium dihydrogen phosphate solution. To maintain the humidity on the ground, water is usually poured once every 5 to 7 days. After convulsion, water is poured once in a timely manner, and then water is poured 2 to 3 times according to the sensation to promote the growth of garlic. When the base leaves are dry, the upper leaves fade and droop, the garlic sticks become soft, and the garlic is ripe, it should be harvested in time.
2.3.2 Field management of peanuts
When the peanuts germinate, the membranes are broken in time and the seedlings are unearthed. After the seedlings, it is necessary to check the seedlings in time to replant, usually in the sowing for 10 to 15 days. Subsequently, the seedlings are cleared, and the floating soil around the seedlings is opened to the surrounding area, so that the two cotyledons and cotyledon buds are exposed to the soil surface to promote the growth of the first lateral branches, the main roots are ligated, the lateral roots are increased, the roots are developed, and the drought resistance and absorption are improved. Fertility is also good for removing root weeds and reducing aphid damage. The cultivating soil should be ploughed once every 15 to 20 days after the sapling, to prevent pressing. In case of drought and watering, the rainy season will drain in time. The flowering down needle period is the period when the peanuts need the most nutrients, and the leaf surface spray fertilizer is carried out in time. Timely prevention and control of pests and diseases, prevention and control of leaf spot disease, in order to extend the functional period of the parietal lobe, and improve the fullness of pods. When the plant is aging, the top stops growing, the remaining leaves on the stem turn yellow, the leaves of the base fall off, most of the pods are hardened, the netting is clear, and the seed coat becomes thin, and should be harvested in time.
3 Economic benefits
Garlic and peanuts have a two-year cover film cultivation mode, generally producing more than 450kg of garlic per 667m2, 900kg of garlic, and about 300kg of peanut kernel. This model has four major advantages: First, high economic benefits, higher yield than corn after harvesting; second, fertilization when planting garlic, less fertilization when planting peanuts; third, garlic and peanuts are covered with mulch, shortening the growth period ( The growth period of garlic is shortened by 30d, the growth period of peanut is shortened by 14d), which is beneficial to the adjustment of agricultural time. The fourth is the residual allicin in the soil, which effectively prevents and alleviates the occurrence of peanut diseases.
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