1, using a reasonable way of farming. In areas with steep slopes, loss of fertilizer runoff is prone to occur, and conservation tillage (no-tillage or less tillage) should be adopted to reduce disturbance to the soil. Straw can also be used to reduce runoff. In the plain areas where seepage is the main form of fertilizer loss, farming can be used to destroy large pores in the soil, or to control the drainage to maintain soil moisture and avoid leakage of soil particles resulting in large pores.
2. Use reasonable irrigation methods. The use of advanced irrigation such as drip irrigation and sprinkler irrigation is advocated for dry farming, and flood irrigation is minimized as much as possible; field water management must be strengthened in paddy fields to minimize the discharge of farmland water.
3. Adopt a suitable rotation system. A suitable rotation system can increase the utilization of chemical fertilizers and reduce the loss. For example, crop rotation of leguminous crops and other crops can save chemical fertilizers; rotation of deep root crops and shallow root crops can make full use of nutrients in the soil.
4. Areas with conditions can use the field channels, ponds and ditches near the farmland to temporarily accept the eutrophication of farmland drainage, and use it for irrigation to achieve recycling.
5. Between farmland and protected water bodies, buffers should be built using natural ecosystems, or artificial protection zones should be set up on riversides and lakesides to intercept and filter out nutrients from farmland, improve nutrient purification capacity, and prevent nutrient influx. Surrounding rivers, lakes and reservoirs.
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