Suffering from Parkinson's disease or being confused by the immune system
Suffering from Parkinson's disease or being confused by the immune system
June 27, 2017 Source: Technology Daily
Window._bd_share_config={ "common":{ "bdSnsKey":{ },"bdText":"","bdMini":"2","bdMiniList":false,"bdPic":"","bdStyle":" 0","bdSize":"16"},"share":{ }};with(document)0[(getElementsByTagName('head')[0]||body).appendChild(createElement('script')) .src='http://bdimg.share.baidu.com/static/api/js/share.js?v=89860593.js?cdnversion='+~(-new Date()/36e5)];The British "Nature" magazine recently published a new study on neurodegenerative diseases. American scientists have discovered an autoimmune feature of patients with Parkinson's disease: the patient's immune system is "confused" to attack brain neurons. This new discovery may bring new insights into the causes of Parkinson's disease.
Parkinson's disease is a common neurodegenerative disease. Although scientists have recognized the most important pathological changes in this disease, the exact cause of this change has not been known so far. It is currently believed that genetic factors, environmental factors, and ageing may all be involved.
It is generally believed that neurodegenerative diseases have no autoimmune features, but previous genetic studies have found that Parkinson's disease is associated with major histocompatibility complex (MHC) gene variants. MHC proteins bind to processed protein fragments and present these proteins on the cell surface, allowing them to be sampled by immune cells. Most fragments are ignored by the immune system, but some cause T cell responses.
One characteristic of Parkinson's disease is that alpha-synuclein aggregates in nerve cells, causing the death of dopamine-secreting neurons nearby. The disease is also associated with defects in protein processing. In theory, abnormal protein processing leads to the production and presentation of abnormal protein fragments, which are recognized by T cells and activate T cells to trigger an immune response.
This time, Columbia University researcher David Sulzer and colleagues compared samples from 67 healthy people with Parkinson's disease and control group, and found that T cells in Parkinson's disease patients can recognize a series of α. - Synaptophysin-producing peptides, but healthy people cannot. The findings suggest that the patient's immune system has a "memory" of alpha-synuclein that has previously been exposed to and attacked the protein and its nearby neurons. Autoimmune response may be the cause behind Parkinson's disease, and may also explain the relationship between Parkinson's disease and MHC gene mutation.
The researchers said the results will help people finally understand the causes of Parkinson's disease and open up new avenues for the treatment of the disease. (Reporter Zhang Mengran)
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