The Chinese herbal medicine Astragalus membranaceus is a perennial herb of the Labiatae family. It is used as a root medicine, has antibacterial and antiphlogistic effects, antihypertensive diuresis, detoxification and gallbladder, and is also a commonly used traditional Chinese medicine. Produced in Hebei, Liaoning, Shaanxi, Shandong, Inner Mongolia, Heilongjiang and other provinces, most of the northern provinces and regions can be planted.
Astragalus is warm, resistant to cold, and the underground can tolerate low temperatures of -30°C; it is tolerant to drought and cold, and it is cultivated in poor drainage or in rainy areas. The growth environment, poor growth, and easy to cause rot.
First, the cultivation method
Astragalus is mainly used for seed propagation. It can also be used for cutting and rooting.
1. Seed propagation generally uses direct seeding. Because seeds are small and seedlings are difficult to emerge, they must be well-grounded. Before the site preparation, 2000-3000 kilograms of manure per acre were planted, deep plowing and cultivating. The plowing surface was required to be fine and flat, and hillside land without irrigation conditions could not be used for plowing. Spring sowing in March and April, summer sowing can be planted in the rainy season, but also in winter sowing, the highest yield in spring sowing, no irrigation conditions, should be sown in the rainy season. Generally used drill, spacing 25-30 cm, open 2-3 cm deep shallow ditch, the seeds uniformly sowed into the ditch, covering about 1 cm thick, gently suppress after sowing, sowing rate per acre of 0.50-1 kg. Because the seeds are small, in order to avoid uneven sowing, sowing can be mixed with 5-10 times fine sand and sowing. Watering in time after sowing, often to keep the topsoil moist, about 15 days to emerge, after the emergence of the seedlings had to go through the dense weak seedlings, when the seedling height 6 - 7 cm, according to the spacing of 12-15 cm set seedlings, and the lack of seedlings The place to make up the seedlings, when the seedlings must be transplanted with soil, can be transplanted to fill the dense seedlings, watering after planting, in order to facilitate survival.
Astragalus membranaceus seeds are small, and the cover soil is shallow when sowing, often due to soil drought or uneven topsoil, large soil particles, seedling difficulties, resulting in a large number of seedlings. Solution: First of all, the land preparation must be leveled and leveled; secondly, watering should be carried out in time after sowing, and the soil should always be kept moist until it emerges; in addition, dry land should be planted in the rainy season, covered with plastic film or covered with grass. After the emergence, the cover can be removed. This will ensure that the emergence is consistent and neat.
2. The most suitable cutting propagation period is May and June. The plants are in a vigorous period of vegetative growth. The young part of the upper half of the stem is cut off (the survival rate of the middle and lower part of the stem is very low). Make it 6-10 centimeters long. Then remove the leaves from the lower 2 leaves and keep the upper leaves. The best way to use a sander is sand, or loose sandy loam. Generally should be inserted along with the scissors, according to the row spacing 105 cm in the bed, timely watering after the plug, and scaffolding shading, to spray regularly to keep the soil moist, but not too wet, otherwise the plug will turn black rot. With proper management, the survival rate can reach more than 90%, and transplanting can be carried out in the last 40 days.
3, rooted at the time of harvest, pay attention to the selection of high-yield and high-quality plants, cut the roots for medicinal purposes, leaving part of the rhizome propagation material. For example, in the winter, the rhizomes are buried in the shade of the room. In the spring of the second year, the roots are planted again; if harvested in the spring, the excavation and planting are carried out. The rhizomes are divided into several pieces, each with a few buds, and then Row spacing 3020 cm in Daejeon. Hillside land use this method to plant a higher survival rate, after planting the same general management.
Second, field management
In the seedling stage, the soil should be kept moist and the soil should be watered in time. After the plants become stronger, the drought resistance can be increased, and watering can be reduced. In the rainy season, it is also necessary to pay attention to drainage and flood prevention. Usually we must pay attention to loose soil weeding at any time. In addition to strengthening general management, we must pay attention to fertilization. In the first year, after the first seedling, the first fertilization is to be carried out. 500 kg of human excrement per acre or 3-5 kg ​​of urea should be applied, and phosphate should be topdressed in June-July. Ammonium 30 kg. After the second year and the third year of returning to the green, 40 to 50 kilograms of cooked cakes will be cooked. In late June, 30 to 40 kilograms of ammonium phosphate fertilizer will be applied before sealing the ridges. Fertilizer should be applied in a ditch, covered with earth and watered.
Third, recovery and processing
2 to 3 years after planting. Generally after the stems and leaves withered in the late autumn or after the spring thawing, germination before the excavation, because the root grows deep, to dig deep, to prevent rooting. After the root has been dug up, shake off the dirt, cut the stems and leaves, dry it until it is half dry, hit the skin, and then quickly dry or dry it. It can also be sliced ​​and then dried, but it must not be washed with water, nor can it be freshly sliced, otherwise it will turn green at the broken skin.
Exposure to bright light should be avoided when it is exposed to the sun. Excessive exposure can cause yellowing to become red. At the same time, it is also necessary to prevent the rain from getting wet, because after the rain, the root of the yellow peony will turn green and then turn black, which will affect the quality. The finished product is solid and non-porous, with a bright yellow interior. Generally 3-4 kg of fresh root can be processed into 1 kg of dry goods. The per mu yields 200-300 kilograms of dry goods, and the higher ones can reach 380 kilograms or more.
Fruit Powder,Vegetable Powder,Natural Vegetable Powder,Natural Fruit Powder
Xi'an complex bio-tech CO.,LTD. , https://www.complexpowder.com