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Fruit tree fertilization misunderstanding
Mistakes as close as possible to a fertilization point from the tree the better. Many farmers believe that fertilization is far from the tree, root absorption is poor, and nutrients are not used. Therefore, when fertilizing, they are close to the tree, some are less than half a meter from the root and neck, and even the roots are excavated. The result is rooting and rooting. Often happens, the effect is often counterproductive.
Misunderstanding 2 The more fertilizer the better. Some fruit farmers do not determine the amount of fertilizer based on factors such as the type of fertilizer, tree vigor, tree size, yield, and soil conditions. Instead, they are blind and consider that the more fertilizer the better. As a result, the supply and demand of tree nutrients is unbalanced. In severe cases, the trees are burned and rooted, the diseases and pests are born, the vegetative growth and reproductive growth of the light are not balanced, and only the long trees result in few or even no results.
Misunderstanding three fertilization time is busy. Some fruit growers do not rely on fruit trees to fertilize during fertilization but fertilize according to labor. “When trees need fertilizer, they have no time, people need not fertilize trees.†They should be fertilized in spring to become summer fertilization, which should be applied in autumn. Become winter fertilization, should be applied before the flower into a post-fertilizer fertilizer, flower after the fertilizer into fruit after the fertilizer, missed the best period of fruit trees need fertilizer, the effect of greatly reducing the yield.
Misunderstanding four kinds of fertilization are arbitrary. The autumn orchard in the orchard is in conflict with the fertilization in the autumn wheat field. Many fruit growers freely use chemical fertilizers instead of basal fertilizers, or replace farm manures such as manure with uncomminuted crop stalks. This is the result of declining fertility in the orchards and weakening tree vigor. The yield is reduced and the quality of the fruit deteriorates.
Misunderstanding five light ground fertilizer on the ground. Many fruit growers are accustomed to underground fertilization. Their effects on ground fertilization, that is, foliar spray fertilizer, are slighted or unclear, resulting in severe yellow leaf disease, lobular disease, fruit shrinking disease, early defoliation, and other physiological diseases. The photosynthetic function of the leaves is reduced.
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Fruit trees fertilize this way
Fertilization from the depth of the tree should be suitable
The root distribution of fruit trees is very wide, and the distribution of horizontal roots of fruit trees is generally 2 to 4 times the diameter of the crown. Practice has proved that apples, pears, peaches, apricots and other fruit trees to ditch or dig the distance from the trunk in the vertical projection of the crown is appropriate, the depth of 30 to 40 cm, the location of the absorption of fruit trees concentrated in this location, high nutrient utilization .
The amount of fertilizer due to the tree due to fat and appropriate
Regardless of whether it is basal fertilizer, slow-acting fertilizer or fast-acting fertilizer, the general principle for determining the amount of fertilizer is: young trees are lower than mature trees; the trees in the unsuccessful or early fruiting period are lower than those in full fruit period; the fertility is poor. There should be more discs than more fertile ones. When autumn basal fertilizer is applied, the amount of fertiliser applied is generally not less than 5,000 kilograms per mu, in which quality and efficient chicken manure should not exceed 4,000 kilograms. Long-acting full-element compound fertilizer and micro-fertilizer should be mixed in the base fertilizer, urea, Phosphate diammonium, potassium sulfate and other fertilizers should be applied in different stages according to the different stages of growth and development of fruit trees, and where appropriate, formula fertilization is encouraged.
Fertilization period is determined by tree
According to different growth stages of fruit trees, tree species, species and other factors determine the fertilization period. When the farmer is busy with labor conflicts, people are also required to spend money to hire fertilizers, which cannot affect the requirements of tree nutrients. The deciduous fruit tree basal fertilizer should generally be applied after the fruit is harvested or before the fruit is harvested. It is unscientific for many fruit growers to apply basal fertilizer before freezing or after freezing in the spring. Practice has shown that the application of basal fertilizer after fruit harvesting or late fruit ripening is of great significance for improving the photosynthetic function of fruit trees, improving fruit quality and tree nutrient storage levels, and enhancing tree resilience. The missed application of basal fertilization in this period not only has poor results, but also has an adverse effect. In addition, when the tree vigor is weak, it can be applied in advance; when the tree vigor is strong, the application can be delayed; the species and species of the earlier fallen leaves can be applied in advance.
Determination of fertilizer types
The types of fertilization are generally determined according to the characteristics of the fruit tree such as fertilizer requirements and the type of fertilizer. Fruit trees need not only nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and other macronutrient fertilizers, but also boron, iron, zinc, copper and other trace element fertilizers. These nutrients come from manure, crop straw, cake fertilizer, chicken manure and other organic fertilizers, also from urea. , DAP, KS, various compound fertilizers and other fertilizers. Do organic fertilizer and chemical fertilizer application, a large number of elemental fertilizer and trace element fertilizer application, in order to meet the different needs of different fruit tree growth and development. To overcome the production of nitrogen fertilizer, phosphate fertilizer, light potassium, ignore the practice of organic fertilizer and trace fertilizer. Combination of underground fertilization and above-ground fertilization
Underground fertilization is the main channel for fertilization, but due to the fact that the soil is easy to fix certain nutrients, the utilization rate of fertilizer is reduced. On the other hand, fertilization on the ground, that is, foliar spray fertilizer is directly sprayed on the tree body, which has the advantages of saving labor and nutrient absorption. Fast, high utilization rate advantages, especially for iron deficiency caused by yellow leaf disease, lack of boron caused by fruit disease, zinc deficiency caused by lobular disease, leaf function caused by early defoliation and other physiological diseases have obvious effects. Therefore, we must pay attention to above-ground fertilization and combine underground fertilization with above-ground fertilization.
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