In order to alleviate the contradiction between the small-scale cultivated area in the suburbs and the contradiction between the land for food crops and the land for economic crops, Zhoukou City has summarized the high-quality and high-efficiency cultivation techniques of strawberry-made fresh-growing corn for three years after years of planting practice and exploration.
The technology is based on strawberry and is made into corn. Strawberries are usually planted from late August to early September, and the first year of strawberry harvesting begins in mid-February. Strawberries are listed from late December to early January, and end from late April to early May. Fresh corn is listed in the middle and late May, and the second season in May is set as the second fresh corn. Corn is listed in the middle and late August.
1 How to plant strawberries in greenhouses
Construction of a large shed: the use of bamboo rafts to build a north-south shed, that is, the two bamboo rafts are bowed to the head, the height of the top is 2.5 to 2.7 meters, depending on the width of the ground, a greenhouse of 467 to 667 square meters is built, and the width of the shed is 7 to 8 meters. The shed is 67 meters long. The advantages of such a greenhouse are good light transmission, uniform illumination, good ventilation, convenient air release, and low cost.
For the selection of strawberry varieties, you can choose high-yield and high-quality varieties such as Hongyan, Tianxian Drunk, Japanese Fengxiang, and Sweet Charlie.
Before transplanting strawberries, first cultivate strong seedlings. In the first half of June, the seedlings were planted, and the base fertilizer was applied. The pig manure after the application of the rot was 3000-5000 kg/mu, and the nitrous phosphorus-potassium accounted for 15% of the sulfuric acid compound fertilizer 40-50 kg/mu. Secondly, the whole site is snoring, and it is made into a sorghum in the north-south direction. The width is 1 meter, the height is 30 centimeters, the sorghum is 80 cm wide, and the sulcus is 20 cm wide. One drip pipe is installed for each raft to facilitate watering.
Strawberry transplanting and planting. In late August to early September, transplanted strawberries are planted. When transplanting, choose strong seedlings, that is, 4-6 leaves and seedlings with developed roots. Two rows per plant, plant spacing 20 cm, row spacing 25 cm, depth 6-8 cm, cross-planting, density 8000 ~ 10,000 plants / acre, compacted soil, stems flush with the ground, and then covered with black drugs The mulch film is used for heat preservation, moisturizing, and grass-proof sterilization. Immediately after planting, the drip irrigation and seedling water are turned on. Cover the shed 3 days before the frost.
The strawberries are managed after they are planted. First of all, strawberries are hi-water and fertilizer crops. Water and fertilizer management is very important during the whole growth period. Water should be poured every 5 to 8 days. The harvest should be poured once every 3 to 5 days in the evening. After the strawberry flowering result, the fertilizer is applied in time, and the vegetable can be fertilized and applied once every 7 days, and the application amount is 10 kg/mu. Secondly, when the strawberry grows to two or three branches, the head is taken in time and the lower leaf of the old leaf is picked to promote lateral bud differentiation. After flowering, we will also carry out flower thinning and fruit removal, remove the small flowers, and remove the deformed fruit and diseased fruit to ensure the quality of the strawberry. Again, temperature and humidity management. The suitable temperature for strawberry growth is 15 ° C ~ 25 ° C, and the suitable humidity is 50% ~ 70%. When the temperature in the shed is higher than 25 °C ~ 28 °C, the ventilation is cooled; when the humidity in the shed is greater than 70%, the ventilation is ventilated to reduce the incidence of strawberries. Finally, pest control. From March to April, with the increase of temperature and the increase of humidity, strawberry is susceptible to gray mold and leaf spot disease. It is necessary to regularly spray 50% kelican and 70% thiophanate to prevent and control the ventilation time. In addition, imidacloprid can be sprayed to control aphids.
Generally, strawberries are marketed in January, with a harvest period of four to five months, and an average of 500 kg of strawberries can be harvested per mu. Generally, the price is 30~50 yuan/kg in January-February, 25~30 yuan/kg in March-April, and the average economic benefit per mu is 15,000 yuan.
2 How to interplant fresh corn in greenhouses
Fresh corn should be precocious, high quality, good taste, white axis, half dentate grain and golden yellow, not bald, tight outer sheath, medium to large panicle length, plant type tight, leaf rush and plant height Low variety. The white shaft can be chosen to avoid black soup when cooking corn. The main variety is 浚å•20.
One year, two kinds of fresh corn are planted. The first one can be directly sown in the first 3 days before the beginning of spring. It can also be germinated in the incubator 15 days before the beginning of spring, and then the ground temperature line and double-layered film are used for seedling. The corn seedlings began to transplant when they grew to three leaves. This method of interplanting corn can be listed 15 days in advance, with higher benefits.
The corn planting distance is 1 meter, the plant spacing is 20 centimeters, and about 4,500 plants per acre are planted, that is, one row of corn is planted in two rows of strawberries. One row of corn is planted on the east side of the strawberry puddle near the west side of the greenhouse, and the west side of the strawberry oyster is near the east side of the greenhouse. Plant a row of corn to avoid the contradiction between the lower side of the shed and the higher the corn. Early spring corn disease in greenhouses is rare, and mites are controlled simultaneously with strawberries from April to May.
The second sputum was seeded live in mid-May, with 1 row per plant, 20 cm plant spacing, and about 4,000 plants per acre.
The first fresh corn ear is marketed from late May to early June. The price per ear is 1.5 yuan to 2 yuan, and the economic benefit per acre is 6000 to 8000 yuan. The second glutinous corn ear is listed in mid-August, and the price per ear is 1 yuan to 1.5 yuan, and the yield per mus can be 4,000 to 6,000 yuan. Fresh corn is used for cooking, and it should be harvested at the optimum “food season†(milk stage). If the harvest is too early, the sugar content is small, the color is light, the milk quality is small, and the flavor is poor. When the harvest is too late, the sugar content is decreased, the starch content is increased, the peel is hard, and the taste is poor.
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