Why are elephants not susceptible to cancer? "Zombie gene" or a key reason
August 16, 2018 Source: Xinhua Author: Yuan original
Window._bd_share_config={ "common":{ "bdSnsKey":{ },"bdText":"","bdMini":"2","bdMiniList":false,"bdPic":"","bdStyle":" 0","bdSize":"16"},"share":{ }};with(document)0[(getElementsByTagName('head')[0]||body).appendChild(createElement('script')) .src='http://bdimg.share.baidu.com/static/api/js/share.js?v=89860593.js?cdnversion='+~(-new Date()/36e5)];The number of cancer cells in elephants is 100 times that of humans. Statistics show that about 17% of people die of cancer, but less than 5% of elephants die of cancer. American researchers have found that a "zombie gene" unique to elephants may be the key to their fight against cancer.
Researchers at the University of Utah in the United States found that as many as 20 copies of the P53 gene that inhibit cancer in elephants, only one in humans and most other animals. P53 recognizes damaged and unrepairable DNA in a timely manner and kills its cells, preventing them from developing into cancer cells.
Researchers at the University of Chicago published a paper in the American Journal of Cell Report published on the 14th, stating that the elephant has a unique "zombie gene" leukemia inhibitory factor 6 (LIF6) that "cooperates" with the P53 gene copy to eliminate damaged cells. This is a pseudogene that can “return to lifeâ€. The pseudogene is produced in the process of gene duplication, and is regarded as a dead gene by researchers because it cannot express information and has no effect.
If the copy of the P53 gene is a "genetic triage" that recognizes damaged DNA, then LIF6 is the "indication gene" responsible for killing damaged cells. When a copy of the P53 gene recognizes damaged DNA, LIF6 is activated to produce a protein. This protein will approach the mitochondria of damaged cells and puncture a hole in it, leading to cell death. "So it's 'zombie (gene)'," said research leader Vincent Lynch. "When activated by damaged DNA, the dead gene comes alive and kills that cell quickly."
The researchers hope that their findings will further reveal the real cause of elephants' cancer, and ultimately help humans treat cancer. (Yuan Yuan) [Xinhua Newsletter]
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