How does AR make surgery safer?
In the past few decades, many major medical breakthroughs in medicine have occurred in diagnostic imaging, such as ultrasound, mammography, CT, MRI, and so on. The realization of these technologies is inseparable from the development of technology in the general sense, including smaller cameras, smaller but faster processors, and real-time data transmission, which allows doctors to better pass images during the practice. To diagnose and treat. Almost all operations involve some form of scanning before actually invading the patient's body. Even in an emergency, the surgeon will use ultrasound or CT to help diagnose. At present, medical imaging enables immediate diagnosis, whether large or small.
However, while medical imaging is rapidly changing, the form of image presentation is basically the same as in the 1950s. Visual data is still presented through a 2D flat panel display, forcing the doctor or nurse to remove the line of sight of the patient during the procedure. At the same time, these images are not displayed from the perspective of the viewer, but more from the device itself: doctors must use imagination and skill to understand the images, and also project these images on the patient during the surgery. Body. Finally, different types of visual data are presented separately, so doctors must also use extra energy to better blend multiple images together. This technique requires years of practice.
AR technology has the potential to change everything. In the "Augmentarium" project at the Fusion Reality Center in Maryland, we are developing medical AR applications, just like the teams at Stanford, Duke and Johns Hopkins. In this application we envision, the surgeon will use an AR head display (such as HoloLens) to see virtual images and other data directly overlaid in their field of view. For example, the head display can present a real-time ultrasound ECG of a patient with an aneurysm in front of the doctor, with all the key information and data. At this point, the doctor no longer needs to look away to look at the different screens and interpret the information.
AR display image data and the potential for information on other patients at the same time, can save lives and reduce medical accidents. This is especially helpful for medical procedures outside the operating room. The operating room is perhaps the safest place in the hospital, and a patient usually has a team of 4-8 doctors and nurses. Since the patient will perform a detailed imaging diagnosis before the operation, the procedure of the operation will usually be properly arranged. The anesthesiologist monitors the patient's physiology while managing painkillers and life-saving drugs. The surgical nurse ensures that all equipment is available for the first time. At this point, the doctor can fully immerse himself in the surgical task. However, the time in the operating room is extremely precious, and the operating room is usually scheduled in advance for elective cases. For all hospitals, elective surgery is an important source of income, so the pressure to keep the operating room at full capacity and operation is very high. It is difficult to get a gap in a small, urgent operation. As a result, many of these types of surgery have to be performed outside the operating room, such as in the ICU and emergency room. It is in these circumstances that patients are at the greatest risk and that AR is also used.
Unlike in the operating room, this type of surgery receives very little support. Usually only one doctor and one nurse are responsible for the entire operation, and the patient's physical condition is often very unstable. If the operation takes place in the middle of the night, it is likely that the primary intern is responsible for the operation and plays the role of both an anesthesiologist and a surgeon. At the same time, the operating room is not specifically designed, especially for devices involving medical imaging. A series of testing instruments make the whole situation more complicated. It is very easy for doctors to miss key information related to patient signs while tracking different images and data displays. And a single AR display that integrates multiple images and patient data helps doctors focus on the patient itself, improving the quality and safety associated with surgery and reducing costs.
In addition to a safer surgical procedure, AR can also reduce the need for a large number of physical displays to reduce costs. Currently, ultrasound, endoscopy, and bronchoscopy require hospitals to purchase a complete set of devices, each with a different display. These devices can cost tens of thousands of dollars. In fact, the display methods of these different imaging systems are not fundamentally different, but the existing business model is to sell only the entire system, and these displays are incompatible with each other. The electronic medical file has its own display; the hemodynamic monitor and the ventilation device have their own display screens, and these data are not integrated with each other. AR can provide a shared screen that ultimately reduces the need for specialized monitors for different patient data, but allows for the integration of different physiological data in real time.
Of course, AR technology still needs to improve to achieve the above ideas, and doctors must be confident enough. The hardware needs to be able to be worn comfortably and safely by the doctor. For some applications, the image must be transparent enough, while others need to be more solid. If some images are to be used to guide surgery, they must be accurate to the extreme. There are many technical challenges, but it is not impossible to overcome.
To achieve the application of AR in medicine, excellent computer scientists and physicists are needed. We are excited about the future: AR's application in the health care field will one day be as common as a stethoscope.
Compile / VR Gyro Wonton
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