Treatment of Blood Samples of Experimental Animals-----Series 1
Selection of blood specimens
General blood specimens are divided into whole blood, plasma and serum.
1, whole blood
Whole blood is generally added with appropriate anticoagulant, so that the blood does not produce coagulation containing the formation of specimens, commonly used in the determination of carboxyhemoglobin, methemoglobin, thiohemoglobin, cell culture, etc., and preparation of blood cells and whole blood analysis use.
2, plasma
Plasma is a specimen of the remaining part of whole blood after removal of cellular components, which is faster and more abundant than serum. It is mostly used for testing blood coagulation mechanisms.
3, serum
Serum is a specimen of plasma-depleted coagulation factor fibrinogen. After the blood is isolated from the body, a series of blood coagulation factors are activated, and finally fibrin is formed to coagulate the blood, and the clear yellow transparent liquid which is precipitated is serum. The serum composition is close to the chemical composition of the tissue fluid, and the determination of the relevant substance content in the serum is more reflective of the body than the whole blood. Serum is the most commonly used specimen for biochemical analysis.
The difference between blood specimens
1, the difference between plasma and serum
Plasma is separated immediately after blood collection to avoid hemolysis during coagulation or transportation, and this phenomenon may occur in serum. The main difference between plasma and serum is that it contains a fibrinogen and prothrombin.
2, the difference between whole blood and plasma
Plasma contains 93% water and 81% water in whole blood, so some water-soluble substances such as glucose and urea are higher than whole blood. In most blood testing programs, plasma or serum is used, and whole blood is rarely used.
Treatment of Blood Samples of Experimental Animals-----Series II
Blood samples should be processed in time after collection by appropriate route, and serum or plasma should be separated in time. Otherwise, component transfer between red blood cells and serum may occur, or some enzymes in the cells may decompose the test objects, thereby affecting the experimental results.
Treatment of blood specimens
Plasma preparation
After the blood sample is collected, it is placed in an anticoagulation tube, placed in a refrigerator at 4 °C, and the red blood cells begin to settle. Generally, the basic sedimentation is completed within 72 hours. The centrifuge can also be used to accelerate the red blood cell sedimentation by centrifugation. The general centrifugal speed is 3000 r/min. 5~10min.
Plasma accounts for about 3/5 of the blood, translucent, golden yellow, and the lower red blood cells account for about 2/5 of the blood, which is dark red. There is a grayish white substance on the red blood cell layer, which is composed of white blood cells and platelets. The three layers of material are clearly and neatly defined. If the boundary is unclear, it indicates that there is hemolysis.
Preparation of serum
After the blood sample is collected, it can be precipitated after being placed at room temperature to solidify naturally. It can also be placed in a 37 ° C water bath for 20-30 minutes to accelerate blood coagulation. Then centrifuge the centrifuge, the centrifugal speed is 2000~2500r/min, 20min.
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