The pruning of apple trees in winter is very important, especially for the treatment of some special branches, improper pruning will not only affect the increase of fruit yield, but also bring about a series of diseases. Therefore, the refurbishment of the trunk and aging branches of fruit trees has become the focus of current orchard management. In an interview with a reporter, Professor Qiu Jingshen, a member of the Agricultural Science and Technology Rural Experts Committee of the Ministry of Agriculture, said that the pruning of special branches of fruit trees must be seized with appropriate timing.
Main branches are trimmed according to the actual branches
In the general orchard, because the fruit growers did not recognize the importance of pruning branches, the unformed trees caused by the growth of the branches, the crowns of this tree were too dense, regardless of priority. The autumn landscape said that the fruit trees of the primary and secondary branches are not divided and the lighting of the canopy is not sufficient, thereby affecting the fruit production in the following year. Pruning this kind of fruit tree cannot force the tree shape, and can only be trimmed with branches according to the specific situation of tree vigor. "First, we must open the branch angles, choose some branches with promising future as the main branches and side branches, and retract other perennial branches year after year or remove them properly to adjust the relationship between the branches and the branches." Autumn Jing Shen said that some trees have too many main branches. The lateral branch is far from the main trunk and needs to be properly adjusted. The main branch can be used to occupy the space where the lateral branch of the main branch can be configured. The perennial non-backbone branches are retracted year by year to promote the rear branches to form multi-axis branches. At the same time, in order to avoid the result of the tree, the appropriate number of uniaxial result branches should be retained. After a large number of results of the multiaxial results, the slender uniaxial result branches are eliminated.
Pruning of aging trees should be "lightly cut and put slowly"
The pruning of senescent fruit trees should follow the principle of “light shear and slow releaseâ€. Deep autumn said that after the apple tree entered the aging period, the growth potential was significantly weakened, and the shoot growth was very small. As a result, the branches and branches had less fruiting and flowering, and the branchlets of the indica was dry and dead. The results showed that the parts were relocated outward, and the size was very serious. The reaction is not sensitive, the sawn cuts are not easy to heal, and shootless shoots occur easily in the canopy. Therefore, the main task of aging tree pruning is to update rejuvenation and extend the results as much as possible.
Depth of Autumn said that, according to the degree of aging, pruning generally updated 2 to 3 main branches, and the other main branches were updated in batches in order to avoid a significant reduction in production. In addition, the weaker main branch can be retracted onto a strong branch, or it can be headed with a strong branch on the back, paying attention to raising the main branch angle. "For the debilitating center, you can use leggy branches or standing uprights to take the lead; if you don't have suitable headings, you can cut it off at the appropriate place and become a happy tree." Qiu Jingshen said that it is important to take advantage of long branches to update rejuvenation. The measures must be divided into different situations, rationally reformed, and focused on training. As the backbone branch culture, you can choose its vertical angle is small, grow stronger; as the result of branch culture, you can choose its vertical angle, the trend is more moderate, and pay attention to both sides of the open.
At the same time, pay attention to the results of the group retraction, and fine trim. Deep autumn said that the principle of the pruning method is to stay flat and stay weak, stay strong, and stay long, stay short, and stay on. Sparsely dense fruit and short fruit branches, retain and rejuvenate back, anticline, short axis strong branches. "The renewal and pruning of senescence trees should not be too late. Some apple trees should be partially regenerated from the later stages of fruit growth, and the management of fertilizer and water should be strengthened. When senescence starts, it will not be updated. When aging is extremely old, one-time full tree renewal (only a few extremely heavy The practice of retreating the main branch is not advisable." Autumn told reporters.
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