Elevated cultivation technology of edamame
The edamame is a vegetable soybean, which is mainly used to eat green bean pods. Edamame is rich in fat, protein, amino acids, vitamins, etc., and is rich in nutrients. Three edamame cultivation techniques and seed preservation techniques are described below for reference.
First, early maturing shed planting technical points
Selection of varieties: Taiwan 48, Zaoguan, Jinfeng No. 2, Liaoxian, 95-1 and other early-maturing varieties, can be used in the middle and small sheds in mid-February to early March to cover the film, or use the film to warm the seedlings Cultivation method.
1. One week before sowing, 500 kg of manure and manure per mu, or 100 kg of ternary compound fertilizer, and 48% trifluralin sprayed with weeds and covered the arch shed.
2. Moderately dense planting. When the ground temperature of the depth of 5 cm in the shed reaches 12 °C or above, the cold-tailed warm head is selected for stalking. Generally, the height is 20 cm and the width is 1.2 m. Each group has 3 rows of holes with a distance of 20-25 cm. Two holes of 2-3 seeds are planted per hole, and the seeding amount per acre is 10-15 kg. After sowing, the entire surface is covered with a layer of mulch. The number of seedlings per acre is more than 13,000.
3, diligent management and skillful topdressing. After the seedling cotyledon leaves the soil, the mulch was removed and the ploughed soil was ploughed once. Strengthen cold and warm measures when encountering low temperature and cold wave. Continuous rainy weather promptly dredges the gullies around the shed to prevent damage. When the temperature in the shed reaches above 25 °C, it should be ventilated in time. During the flowering period, the daily temperature in the shed is 23-29 ° C, the night temperature is 17-23 ° C, and the relative humidity is about 75%. During the flowering and pod-forming period, water should be poured to keep the soil moist. At the initial flowering stage, 25-35 kg of quick-acting nitrogen fertilizer is applied per acre, and the potassium leaf dihydrogen phosphate solution + 1% urea solution is sprayed 2-3 times in the pod-forming period, which can effectively increase the number of pods and promote grain enlargement.
4. Promptly control pests and diseases. In the seedling stage, spray 2-3 times with 50% sputum mist wettable powder or 2.5% bisulfan emulsifiable concentrate 2000-3000 times. The flower pod period can be controlled 2-3 times with crystal trichlorfon 800 times solution.
5. Harvest at the right time. The shed plant can be harvested and harvested about 70 days after sowing. If it is planted from the end of February to the beginning of March, it can be harvested in mid-May.
Second, early maturing film cover cultivation techniques
Selection of varieties: Taiwan 48, Zaoguan, Jinfeng No. 2, Liaoxian, 95-1 and other early-maturing varieties, sowing in the middle and late March, plus mulching or transplanting methods. Fertilization and soil preparation and hoeing are the same as early maturing cultivation. If the open field is well ventilated, the seeding density can be appropriately increased. The plant spacing is 20-25 cm and the row spacing is 30-40 cm. Two 2-3 seeds are planted per hole. Due to the high temperature and drought in the flowering and pod-forming period, the irrigation and drainage work should be done well in the cultivation. Timely topdressing reduces the loss of flowers and pods. Secondly, in the outer suburban grain-producing areas, cultivation can be carried out from mid-March to mid-June.
It is best not to practice continuous cultivation of edamame. The same plot should be separated by 1-2 years. The soil should be selected from near-neutral soil rich in organic matter and with considerable water retention. Acidic soil should be neutralized with lime. Common soil should also be applied per acre. - 7.5 kg of lime to reduce root disease and promote plant growth.
In short, Maodou wants to achieve high yield and high efficiency. It is necessary to strengthen scientific management and skillfully apply fertilizer to prevent pests and diseases, and achieve high yield and stability.
Third, the key points of cultivation techniques
Selection of varieties: bean crown, starry sky, Shenlong jade, large grain incense, Kaiyu No. 9, emerald and other medium-maturing varieties.
1, sowing
The mid-maturing variety adopts the hole sowing method, and 3-4 grains are planted per hole. The row spacing is about 30-35 cm, and the shallow hole is thin and the depth is the same (3 cm deep). After emergence, it is necessary to fill the gap and the seedlings in time to ensure that the seedlings are fully seedlings. After sowing, spray the herbicide with a pre-emergence herbicide (such as cable, Dole, and Wones) on the premise of moist soil, and then level the ground.
2. Field management
1 When the peas are in the bud stage or the beginning of flowering period, depending on the growth of the plants, the urea is chased by urea 1-2 times, each time the amount is 5 kg/mu, and it is applied around the crop. The flowering period and the pod-forming period are “beans amusedâ€, and the amount of leaves per acre is 75 ml. Spraying twice on the surface to improve the photosynthetic capacity of the leaves, reduce the loss of flowers and pods, promote the filling and bean enlargement, from the emergence of edamame to harvest, the effect of spraying "bean amused" during the whole growth period is more significant.
2 anti-approval: the length of the child does not bloom or flower, do not pod or more pods, should be controlled as appropriate, to prevent madness (before the rainy season, after flowering, plant growth is too high or too full bloom spraying Sichuan Academy of Agricultural Sciences Production of "short tons" 1-2 times). After the emergence of edamame, the soil should be kept dry and wet alternately in the field. The gully does not accumulate water. According to the characteristics of the granules, more water is needed in the early stage of the pod bulging. Pay attention to the irrigation, and the water needs less at the end of the drum. Promote grain fullness.
Fourth, matters needing attention and seed storage methods
Please do the bud rate test within 15 days after the purchase. After the bud rate is qualified, many farmers will save the seeds for a long period of time. In 2-4 months, it is appropriate to choose a sunny day at 8-10 hours. It is best to choose cloudy weather in May-June, and it is better to have 2 hours in the morning at 7-9 in the morning (not suitable for exposure) so as not to affect the budding rate.
Please soak the seeds with soybean seed dressing before planting to ensure that the seedlings and seedlings are strong. After mixing with a small amount of water, it can be sown for 30 minutes to 1 hour without sticky hands. For the day of planting, please wear rubber gloves to prevent seeding. Poisoning, 1 bottle of medicine mixed with 30 kg of seeds is appropriate.
Keep the seeds especially to prevent moisture. Do not store the seeds directly on the ground. Please put them on the bench. It is best to store the seeds in a cool, dry and ventilated room. Remember to choose a good source of water and fertile soil when planting from May to June. Planting, avoiding high temperature, water shortage, lack of fertilizer and causing plant shortness to affect yield.
These are three edamame cultivation techniques and seed storage methods that I hope will help you. If you want to know more about agricultural knowledge, please pay attention to the Hui Nong School!
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