method
Subsequent studies were reviewed, documented and monitored by the Animal Welfare Committee of the University of Guelph.
Study 1:
Twelve piglets, almost all around the age of 21 days, were randomly assigned to one of the two experimental groups, and the litters and sex were basically matched. Piglets are individually housed. Group I (n=6) fed feeds of weaned pigs for 8 days on a free-feeding basis, while group 2 (n=6) fasted for up to 8 days. Free drinking water is feasible for all piglets. Piglets are monitored twice a day and detailed records of their low temperature status, weight loss/increases, general behavior/situations, infectious diseases, and behavioral changes. All piglets were collected on days 0, 4 and 7 to study changes in their biochemical parameters. Indoor environmental conditions are also monitored. At the completion stage of the trial, all piglets were humanely euthanized and subjected to a full autopsy.
Study 2:
A single piglet group, which is basically 21 days old, was randomly assigned to one of the two experimental groups, and the litter and sex were basically matched. The arrangement of these piglets was basically the same as that of piglets in Study 1. One group (n=6) was fed a weaned piglet diet and free-drinking water for 8 days, and group two (n=6) was fasted for up to 8 days, while free drinking water was introduced, and the weaned piglet feed was introduced on the 8th day. All piglets, like Study 1, received the same monitoring and analysis of blood samples, while increasing the analysis of blood samples after reintroduction of solid feed.
result
Study 1:
All fasted piglets experienced behavioral changes and showed repeated teething and spasms began to appear as early as about 3 days after fasting, and almost all the piglets that had fasted for 5 days had corresponding behaviors. However, none of the above-mentioned behavioral changes occurred in the fed piglets. The most prominent biochemical changes between the two groups were high levels of BHBA and ketones appeared in fasting piglets for 4 days (P
Study 2:
Fasting-feeding piglets had the same behavioral and biochemical changes as the fasting group in Study 1, and none of the piglets developed clinical disease. All fasting-feeding groups of piglets can consume feed when they re-ingest feed, and their BHBA levels then tend to normalize from high levels during fasting.
Information
This study showed that unfeeding piglets will cause high levels of ketone BHBA in the blood and will return to normal levels when ingested. This is a potential biochemical marker that can serve as an in-depth study point for farm management and piglets that do not eat after weaning. In this study, body condition scoring and clinical disease behavior observations were a less sensitive method of identification for piglets that did not eat. It is interesting to observe that fasting piglets look basically the same as free-feeding piglets. This prompted us to identify the low feed intake of piglets one week after weaning on the farm. It may be that the impact of other factors is not just not eating. There may be a lack of feed intake. Investigating the practicality and behavioral observations of the BHBA test The relevant deep-seated studies to identify those who have broken stocks have begun. Improving our ability to discriminate against those who experience automatic fasting piglets is necessary to continuously strengthen understanding of some of the risk factors for a smooth transition to the solid feed phase.
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