Since the end of June, it has also entered the hottest month of the year. The pests and diseases of fruit trees are also very active. For example, the low-temperature and high-temperature droughts, the dangers of insects such as spider mites and aphids will increase, and the rainy, hot and humid conditions will cause black stars. The prevalence of diseases such as disease, brown spot, ring rot disease, anthrax, etc.
Management goals during this period
1. Loose soil weeding, anti-drought and flood control, and creating good soil conditions for root growth. In this period, attention should be paid to controlling the application of nitrogen fertilizer to prevent tree growth and reduce nitrogen content in fruit.
2. Strengthen monitoring and comprehensive prevention and control of pests and diseases, prevent the outbreak of pests such as spider mites, aphids, and borers, and the occurrence of various diseases.
3, continue to summer pruning, control the growth of autumn shoot excessive growth, promote fruit enlargement and flower bud formation.
4, drought, flood control, chasing outside the root phosphorus, potash, to ensure the normal growth of fruit trees and fruit.
Integrated control of pests and diseases
Spray 4% agricultural anti-120 water agent, 600-800 times liquid or 12% green milk copper 600 times liquid to prevent early deciduous and rotten fruit disease in fruit trees, remove the diseased fruit and bury it deeply; Pharmacological use of Qi Zisu, moth Man Ling, scorpion dead net, rickets, etc.; according to the rain, pay attention to the prevention and treatment of fruit larvae damage young fruit, the use of drugs are diflubenzuron, moth 螨 spirit, Peach Xiaoling.
In the summer when the soil temperature is higher than 30°C, the root system stops growing. Root and grass cover can reduce the soil temperature and increase soil fertility and water retention. For orchards that are not covered by grass roots, they should seize the opportunity of abundant grassland after the harvest to fully cover the trees.
When covering the grass, the tree tray should be cut out first, then the grass should be covered with a thickness of not less than 15 cm. After compaction, lightly compact it and press it with a little land to prevent wind, but it cannot press a layer of soil. , It is also possible to carry out the whole park.
Trim 1 Take a branch, pull a branch, and remove the sprout. Take and pull sticks can be carried out at the end of June and early July. If you take and pull sticks, the upright new shoots that grow on the back of the sticks should be cut off at any time or be carefully controlled.
2 short cuts. In addition to the extension of the stem branches in late July, the new shoots on the tree that have not yet been capped and stopped may be intercepted (cut to the middle of the spring shoot), worn by the cap (cut at the junction of the spring and autumn shoots) or lightly cut (in the middle of the autumn shoot). Cut) can stimulate the formation of autumn shoots and autumn shoots buds, and cultivate good results Zhizu. This work can be carried out until mid-August, and it is better to adopt this measure for the Fuji series.
3 carved buds. At the beginning of July, the Changwang branches on the juvenile tree were sculpted (or coated with twigs and sticks) to prevent the branches from becoming bald in the future and to promote short-stemming and short-branching, and increase the amount of short branches. Coat the shoots on both sides of the lower middle of the shoot and under the back.
4 top branches, hanging. As a result, excessive branches are often sagged due to fruit weight, pressed to the ground, or overlapped with the branches below, which can easily lead to deterioration of local light conditions, resulting in unreasonable distribution of tree structure and branches of fruit trees, and poor illumination also affect flower bud differentiation. The quantity and quality of differentiation. Therefore, from the end of June to August, the drooping shoots should be supported by wooden sticks or ropes to make them distributed evenly and reasonably. When operating, care should be taken not to use apple tree pruning as a stayer to avoid infection and disease. Care should be taken during the process to avoid touching the fruit. In addition, in order to prevent the occurrence of sunburn, support (hanging) should avoid high temperatures at noon.
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