Timely looting and sowing, to achieve reasonable close planting peanut seeds should be shelled about 10 days before sowing, can be shelled for 2 to 3 days before shelling, after shelling, remove the mold, damaged, sprouted seeds, and press Seed grain size is graded and stored to prevent moisture absorption from affecting germination rate. After the wheat, the broadcast period of the peanuts is generally no later than June 20, and the mechanical ridge cultivation mode should be adopted. The soil moisture suitable for the sowing period is about 70% of the maximum water holding capacity in the field. The seeding density is about 12,000 holes per mu, 2 per hole, and 16,000 to 18,000 holes per acre. The suitable sowing date of wheat ridge intercropping peanuts is 15~20 days before the wheat harvest, and the seeding density is about 10000 holes per acre, 2 capsules per hole.
Scientifically regulate fertilizer and water, promote stable growth. The overall fertilizer and water conditions in summer peanut fields are better. In addition, the growth period is short, and management should be combined and controlled to promote the main. In the sowing period, the peanuts after the wheat should be finely grounded, the base fertilizer should be applied, the fertilizer should be balanced according to the expected yield and soil fertility, the NPK and calcium fertilizer should be used reasonably, and the micro-fertilizer should be supplemented. Generally, the special fertilizer for peanuts can be 40~50 kg. . The wheat ridge intercropping peanuts should be smashed in time after the wheat harvest, and combined with cultivating per mu, applying urea or compound fertilizer for about 15 kg, depending on the soil moisture, timely irrigation, and promote early seedling growth. In the flowering period, about 25 kg of gypsum powder can be applied per acre to promote the development of pods and seeds. Before the ridge is closed, combined with cultivating and cultivating the soil, the control will prevent it from falling. In the late growth stage, combined with leaf disease prevention and control, spraying foliar fertilizer such as potassium dihydrogen phosphate to prevent disease and prevent premature aging. Summer peanuts are very sensitive to drought, especially the stage of needle formation and large needle formation (late July to early August) is the critical period of water demand, and should be timely irrigated in case of drought. At the same time, pay attention to flood control and keep the "three ditch" in the field to prevent the damage caused by the damage.
Adhere to the right medicine, do a good job of pest control and control of peanuts during the growing period of pests and diseases, need scientific prevention and control, reduce pests and diseases. For diseases, prevention and control should be carried out through rational rotation, selection of disease-resistant varieties, seed coating, physical control, chemical control and biological control. For the control of bacterial wilt, it is advisable to use resistant varieties such as Yuanza 9012, Yuanza 9307, Zhonghua 21 and Zhonghua No.6; to control root rot diseases such as root rot, stem rot, crown rot and other underground pests. Seed dressing with suitable chemicals before sowing; control leaf spot disease should be sprayed with fungicide in the middle and late stages of peanut growth, even spraying 2~3 times, each interval 7~10 days. For pests, it is recommended to adopt biological and physical measures, such as sexual attractant trapping, natural enemy killing, ramie and other trapping plants to kill, etc., chemical control should use high-efficiency, low-toxic and low-residue agents. The seedling stage focuses on the control of aphids, and the mid-fertility focuses on the control of cotton bollworms and mites.
Timely mechanical harvesting, timely drying and drying When the peanut plants turn from green to yellow, the main stem retains 3~4 green leaves, and most of the pods are full and mature, the peanut excavator should be harvested in time, and the specific harvest period should be flexibly controlled according to the weather conditions. After the wheat is broadcasted, the peanuts can be extended as long as the temperature is allowed. After harvesting, it should be quickly dried or dried to reduce the water content of the pods to less than 10% as early as possible, reducing the risk of mold and aflatoxin contamination. In order to improve the quality of peanuts, it is necessary to make special collections for individual varieties.
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