In 2001, 280 peacocks were reared in a garden and a disease characterized by conjunctivitis, dyspnea, and systemic hemorrhage developed in January. The disease was completely controlled in early April, and the overall morbidity rate was 26%. The rate is 8%. The treatment is now reported as follows.
First, the incidence and symptoms
On January 3, 2001, several peacock eyes were found to be inflamed and swollen, yellow and green excrement was pulled, and sick birds increased daily. Specific symptoms: sick poultry reduced appetite or waste, stand aside; early symptoms of eye conjunctival flushing, shy tears, eyelid swelling; anterior chamber with serous secretions, eyelid swelling, swelling of the upper and lower eyelid adhesions, and then the secretion of cheese In the same way, the perforation of the cornea was found after the secretions were excreted, resulting in blindness; yellow-green dilute feces, mouth breathing, and a large amount of mucus in the oral cavity.
Second, necropsy lesions
There are a lot of mucus in the mouth, throat congestion bleeding, congestion and bleeding of the trachea, lung necrosis; glandular stomach bleeding, muscle stomach congestion, intestinal bleeding, erosion, especially the duodenum, cloacal hemorrhage; heart bleeding.
Third, the diagnosis
1. Isolation and identification of bacteria: Aseptically, sick peacock eye secretion smears were used. After basic methylene blue staining, microscopic examination showed that the bacteria were not evenly distributed and Brevibacterium was blunt at both ends. The two poles were denser. The inoculation loop was used to inoculate the peacock secretions and inoculated on blood agar plates and McConnell plates. After observation at 37° C. for 24 hours, a round uplift, smooth surface, and moist translucent light yellow colonies were observed on blood agar plates. There are round, uneven edges and uniform pink simple colonies on the MacConkey culture medium. Gram-negative bacillus can be seen by Gram staining and microscopy.
The isolated bacteria were subjected to oxidase test and inoculated on biochemical identification strips and drug sensitive strips. The temperature was maintained at 37°C for 24 to 48 hours, and then the automatic bacteria identification instrument and drug susceptibility tester (produced by Merial, France) were used. The result of the test was E. coli, which was sensitive to ciprofloxacin, gentamycin, chloramphenicol, penicillin G, kanamycin, amoxicillin, and cephalosporins.
2. Newcastle disease HI antibody monitoring test:
(1) On February 10th, blood samples were taken for HI antibody monitoring, some were lower than 1:8, some were higher than 1:256, and Newcastle disease I strains were vaccinated with 2 pigeons per mouse. The condition improved significantly.
(2) Blood tests were performed on April 4 and HI antibody titers were between 1:64 and 1:256.
(3) On August 10th, blood was collected for HI test. HI antibody titer was between 1:64 and 1:256.
From the above three points it can be seen that the group of peacocks were infected by Newcastle disease virus.
Fourth, treatment
1. Emergency vaccinations for the whole group: 2 Newcastle Disease I strains were vaccinated. Only 70000 units of penicillin and 50,000 units of streptomycin were added per kilogram of body weight.
2. The whole group is isolated and sterilized with poultry; gentamicin sulfate is used to drink water from 20,000 to 40,000 units per kilogram body weight.
3. Eye topical use: light eye drops with chloramphenicol eye drops, 3 ~ 4 times / day; severe with a cotton swab to completely remove the pus, necrotic eyes, and then rinse with normal saline after dripping chloramphenicol eye Potion and apply tetracycline ointment.
V. Preventive measures
1. Escherichia coli is a conditional pathogen, so the initial onset of Newcastle disease should be the primary disease. E. coli disease is the secondary disease. Therefore, the prevention of Newcastle disease must be done first.
2. Young chicks were killed by intranasal injection of Newcastle disease II or IV vaccine at 7 days and 25 days of age; intramuscularly injected with I-type vaccine at 90 days of age; adult peacock was used annually according to the results of monitoring of Newcastle disease antibody titer. The I-type vaccine was inoculated with 2 pigeons per mouse.
3. The antibacterial drugs are used in the entire group in March and November each year. The optional drugs include gentamicin sulfate, kanamycin, and norfloxacin.
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