When selecting seedlings, we must grasp the following aspects.
1. Choose high-quality and high-product varieties. Most of the sweet potato production areas in China are planted on thin and dry ground. Therefore, the spring potato should be selected to be drought-tolerant, thin-tolerant and long-lasting high-yield and high-quality varieties. Such as Jinshu 21, Xushu 43-14, Jishu 15, Yushu 13th, Yushu 12, Haoshu 6-8, Yantai 22 and other varieties. The purple sweet potato has higher nutritional and health functions than ordinary sweet potato, but the yield is slightly lower than that of common sweet potato. At present, purple sweet potatoes are mainly used for fresh food. They can be selected from fresh purple potato varieties such as Jishu No. 18, Caizi, Jingshu No. 6, Violet, and American black potatoes, etc. according to local conditions.
2. The correct choice of seedlings. The best selection of spring potato virus-free high-cutting seedlings, 100 seedlings weighing more than 500 grams, seedling height 20 to 25 cm, 5-7 single plant internodes, thick stalks, top three leaves flush, green leaves, large and hypertrophy No pests and diseases. High-cutting seedlings can not only prevent seedling damage and damage seed potatoes, affect the growth of other seedlings, but also reduce the spread of virus diseases, black spot disease, nematode diseases and other diseases. Planting high-cutting seedlings, generally more than planting rooted seedlings, disease reduction 36% to 85.7%, increase production by more than 10%. In the summer, the seedlings were planted and the mandibles of the secondary seedlings in Daejeon were used to produce the highest yield in the top section, followed by the middle section and the worst in the base section. According to tests, the top section increased production by 17.2% over the middle section and increased by 20.3% over the base section. This is because the top segment of the cell tissue activity is high, strong growth potential, is conducive to the formation of potato blocks, and the more the degree of lignification of cell tissue to the base, the greater the vitality of life is not conducive to the formation of potato block.
3. Disinfect the seedlings. On the basis of high-cutting seedlings, 50% carbendazim 2000 times liquid seedlings are used for 3 to 4 minutes before transplanting to kill melasma; use 50% phoxim 1000 solution for 20 minutes to kill. Stem nematode disease, prevention of spread of pests and diseases in the field. According to experiments, seedlings treated with phoxim solution can reduce the incidence of stem nematode disease by 85%.
4. Do a good job in rotation. Based on the selection of seedlings, we must choose land plots that have not been planted with sweet potatoes for more than three years. Changing manure, such as fertilization, is not only an effective measure to prevent and control diseases, but it is also very conducive to increase production of sweet potatoes.
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