Meat geese are omnivorous animals and are suitable for growing in water-rich forests, swamps and lakes. Goose is rich in nutrients, low in fat, rich in essential amino acids, vitamins, and trace elements. Meat geese have simple breeding techniques, rich feed sources, low investment, short period, and quick results. They are good projects for farmers to get rich. This issue introduces a group of meat goose breeding techniques for farmers' reference.
Farming site
Goose sheds should be built on high-lying, well-drained, air-ventilated and forested grounds. The design span of sheds is limited to the spacing between forests, and the length can be flexibly controlled according to the number of grazing.
The direction of the greenhouse is best to face the north and south, with brick or bamboo fences on both sides of the north and south, with a height of 60-80 cm. It is advisable to leave a small door for each activity. The plastic film should be in an active state. And heat preservation, open when the temperature inside the shed is high, and lay down when the weather is rainy or cold.
In the greenhouse, 15-20 cm of sandy soil is placed on the ground so that it is higher than the surrounding area and is conducive to drainage. Each shelter corresponds to a woodland rearing unit with built-in drinking water and feeding equipment. The equipment should be easy to clean and disinfect. At the same time, it should have good rodent-proof, weasel-proof, and anti-bird facilities. Walls and roofs can be made of tarpaulin or plastic film, and they can be placed in an active state for easy access, ventilation and insulation, opened at high temperatures in the shed, and lowered during rainy days or low temperatures.
Goose sheds should also be easy to move, resistant to wind, rain, heat, cold, low construction costs, low maintenance costs, the top height can allow the keeper to stand, and the height of the wall enables the keeper to enter easily.
Breeding mode
The deciduous forest (fruit forest) geese can plant ryegrass in the forest empty space each year when the leaves are sparse in autumn, and goose grazing is started in March of the next year to implement round grazing. After the ryegrass season, the forest weeds can be used as geese. The feed, goose dung can increase soil fertility. In this way, geese can be raised in all seasons.
Evergreen forest geese are mainly dominated by wild weeds. Some shade-tolerant pastures, such as white clover, can be properly sown to supplement the shortage of wild weeds. Generally, grazing methods are used.
Young forest geese can use the characteristics of small trees, clear forests, and other sunny areas, planting ryegrass, chicory, red clover, white clover and other geese, until the trees are thick and then use the above two methods to raise geese.
No matter what form of forestry geese should pay attention to appropriate supplements in order to meet the nutritional needs of the growth and development of geese, while the fruit tree during the application should be stopped for some time. For forest gardens with large areas of trees and woodland, goose sheds can also be built in forests, which can reduce land occupation and facilitate management.
Disease prevention and control
The geese before laying eggs do gossip geese, goose paramyxovirus disease and "vaccinal egg" vaccine. During the laying period of the breeding geese to do a good job of prevention and treatment of fowl cholera and "egg quail", even if the geese have been immunized, to the prevention of medication after the production of eggs. In the late stage and peak period of egg production, 0.25 to 2 grams of oxytetracycline per kilogram of feed is used for 3 to 5 consecutive days. When the disease occurs, the whole group of antibiotics such as penicillin, streptomycin, kanamycin, etc. can be injected, and sulfamethoxazole can also be used. Lithium pyrimidine orally.
Adopt comprehensive measures such as isolation of sick geese, deep dead geese, and strict disinfection to put an end to the epidemic. Before laying eggs, 50 mg of “dibutyl†(thiochlorophenol) or 20 mg of praziquantel may be used per kilogram of body weight to drive off various parasites such as cotton bugs and trematodes. After 2 months of egg production, repeat the medication again.
Goose sheds and geese are often used in places where they must be sprayed and disinfected once a week with “poisonous poison†(perturberone solution), peracetic acid, etc., and the infected goose groups should be disinfected once a day. Before the disinfection, the stools should be cleaned and accumulated and fermented. Use biological heat to kill pathogenic microorganisms and eggs.
Breeding management
Brooding period
Goslings (1 to 30 days old) should be fed in the early stages. Feeding is mainly for feed water, grass powder, and concentrate feed. Follow the principle of fine processing and less feeding. General requirements for timely drinking, timely food. Drink water at the right time to absorb the yolk, stimulate appetite, and promote meconium discharge. The water quality requires cleanliness and the water temperature is required to be around 25°C. To increase the survival rate, the following measures can be taken: even drinking 0.05% potassium permanganate water for 7 days to prevent digestive tract diseases; goslings with long transportation time can add 0.9% salt and 5% glucose or electrolytes in drinking water. Avoid overeating caused by water poisoning and malnutrition; timely eating is beneficial to supplement energy, promote growth and development, stimulate appetite, and promote meconium discharge. The start of eating should be carried out after the first time the goslings drink water and show foraging behavior. The feed is preferably a full-priced compound feed.
During the brooding period, the sudden change of temperature and the appropriate temperature can be observed. The activities and performance of the geese can be observed. When the temperature in the brooding room is too low, the goslings crowd into each other and the fluff stands upright, the body curls up, and the cries of the cicadas are issued. The drinking water is reduced. In severe cases, a large number of goslings may be crushed and trampled to death; when the temperature is too high, Goslings show mouth breathing, lack of energy, loss of appetite, frequently drinking water, and are far away from heat sources. Goslings are mostly found in places with low temperatures in doors and windows. The temperature is suitable. The goslings are active, peaceful, and have a strong appetite. They are evenly distributed. Brooding room.
Growth period
Goslings (30-90 days old) are in the stage of growth and development. Skeletons, muscles, and feathers grow rapidly, and the digestive power and adaptability to the environment gradually increase.
In addition to strengthening grazing and rearing, some crude feed such as corn, rice, grains, bran, and potatoes should be supplemented, and 1% bone meal, 2% shell powder, 0.3% salt and other mineral feeds should be added to meet their growth. The need for development will allow it to grow sufficiently into the skeleton.
Young geese (90 days of age to sexual maturity) are still in the period of growth and development and molting, and their sexual development is very fast. In order to prevent premature sexual maturity, the method of first coarsening and finishing is adopted, that is, grazing is always done on a day-to-day basis, and supplementation is performed once in the evening, but feeding of concentrate feed is appropriately limited to prevent over-fertilization from affecting laying and breeding. At the same time exercise its ability to resist rough feeding, reduce feed costs, prevent premature egg production and affect the production of uniform.
Mature period
Sexual mating geese are bred in three stages (ie, pre-lay, egg-lay, and cut-off). Preliminarily increase the concentration of fine material in the early stage of egg production. Every day, each species of geese is fed with 0.05-0.1 kg of rice, 0.05 kg of cake, and added with calcium, phosphorus and other mineral feeds. The water is mixed into semi-dry, and it is fed 2 or 3 times a day. , can also be snail shells, shells and other crushing and gravel mixed in the goose house entrance and sports grounds, for their intake. Measure the amount of feed and feed in the diet is appropriate, can be judged according to the shape of goose feces, such as large and loose goose feces, gently one can be divided into several sections, indicating that the rough and green feed with a suitable; such as geese Small and solid feces show that the fine material is more, then the grazing time is lengthened, and the number of feedings is reduced, but it is necessary to prevent the goose from growing too fat.
The egg production period must meet the nutritional requirements of egg production. In addition to grazing, the goose should be fed three times daily, each time not less than 100 g, and the ratio of rice to rice bran in the feed should be 2:1, and be accompanied by mineral feed. Such as salt, shell powder and so on. At the same time choose a flat, high-quality grazing land, do not hurry to scare the geese and stop grazing in stormy weather.
May is the peak period for the geese to lay their eggs. They should be fed a “night meal†and provide fresh, sanitary drinking water. If it is feeding, full-priced compound feed can be supplied. Maize 44%, rice bran 25%, bran 4.5%, bean cake 12%, rapeseed cake 5%, cotton kernel cake 3%, bone meal 1%, shell powder 5%, salt 0.2%, methionine 0.1%, multivitamin 1% , Trace elements 0.2%, under normal circumstances, the female geese produce eggs 55 to 60 per year, after which they stop production on their own, began moulting, eggs can be prepared for incubation.
The male goose nutrition level, physical health status and living habits determine the quality of sperm, affect the fertilization rate of the egg during the production period, and ensure that the male goose has a good breeding condition, can feed supplement concentrate early, add as many as possible Protein-rich feeds enable them to have sufficient energy for breeding before the goose is born, thereby increasing the fertility rate. Many species of geese mate in the morning and dusk. At this time, the male geese are driven off the water to meet their mating needs. Attention should be paid to observing the breeding situation of male geese. If the male geese are found to be low in libido, they are eliminated in time. After breeding, male geese should be supplemented with compound feed, and the crude protein of compound feed should be 1% to 8% of metabolizable energy. Each kg of compound feed should contain 61% biological protein feed, which will help improve the semen quality of the male goose. Vitamin A, vitamin D, and vitamin E are particularly important for the sexual function of male geese and should be added.
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