1
Choose the right environment
The soft-shelled turtle pond should be built in a pond that is full of sunshine, quiet environment, sheltered from the sun, and convenient for irrigation and drainage. It is convenient for transportation, close to power supply, and near to the water source without pollution. The soil of the soft-shelled turtle pond should be clay or loam, which is beneficial to the preservation of water. If the sandy land is easy to seep, effective anti-seepage measures must be taken. Water quality of the water source must be good and clean, and it should not be polluted by industrial and agricultural pesticide wastewater. The rivers, lakes, and reservoirs are the best, and the wells must increase the temperature of the water through the drying pool.
Turtle farms should be close to feed sources, such as nearby meat, fish processing plants or aquatic animal resources (spiral mussels, etc.) rich, can use its internal organs and other waste and live natural feed turtles, reduce costs, and according to cultured objects Different and designed separately.
Although soft-shelled turtles breathe in the lungs, they live in water most of the time. Therefore, the water quality is very important for the growth of soft-shelled turtles. Young turtles should maintain a water depth of 0.3 to 0.4 meters, change the water every 3 days, change the amount of water each time 1/3, the water color is in a green state, so that they are mutually hidden, reducing opportunities for mutual injury; also can put a small amount in the water Water lilies, water hyacinths and other green plants improve water quality. The turtle pond is changed once every 4 days. Each time the water volume is changed by 1/4, the water quality is kept fresh, the dissolved oxygen is sufficient, and the fatness is appropriate.
The turtles in the greenhouse are required to pay attention to ventilation and ventilation due to the high indoor air temperature, and to strengthen the adjustment of water quality and rational feed feeding.
2
Scientific breeding stocks
Before stocking, the culture ponds must be carefully disinfected by clear ponds. The pool water can be drained to dry the bottom of the pond first. Disinfection can be performed by direct spraying with Qianglingling 400 to 500 times before stocking. Outdoor ponds, such as cement intensive pools, can be strongly disinfected with strong Hein and water for 10 days before stocking. For outdoor soil pools, the bottom water can be drained and 20 to 30 kg of lime per mu can be used to add humic acid (black soil). ) 15-20 kg.
The source of soft-shelled turtles is generally planted seedlings and professional households are mass-produced. There are also wild turtles of different sizes on the market. Should be selected disease-free without injury, neat specifications, strong vitality, fresh body color, excellent varieties, clear origin of the seed. No matter what species of turtles into the pool must be raised for about 15 days, until the environment is adjusted to the aquaculture pond. After the turtle body is sterilized, it should be stocked in the pond immediately. Avoid high-density cultivation for a long time. When stocking, if the turtle species can be allowed to swim against the surface of the water, if it is unopened, the turtle can be picked up directly by hand. Can be.
The stocking density depends on the pond and other factors. The mu shot 2 to 3 years of young turtles 100 to 150 kilograms, up to a maximum of 200 kilograms. From the seedlings directly developed into turtles, an average of 15 per square meter, the early stocking density of 30 per square meter; from the seedlings into a turtle species, an average of 25 per square meter, the initial stocking density of 50 per square meter; from The soft-shelled turtle is reared to adult turtles, and the intensive culture ponds have 5 per square meter, and if the mud ponds are intensively raised to 1 per square meter.
When moving from the greenhouse to the outer pond for breeding, it should be noted that the temperature difference should not be too large, and it is best to choose the cool and cool weather in the morning when moving, and to minimize the damage and mutual bite when operating, so as to avoid the disease after entering the pool. Water quality regulation and water body disinfection are carried out on a regular basis. Generally, chlorine dioxide, bromochlorohydantoin, and other environmentally friendly drugs are used alternately every 20 to 25 days.
3
Strengthening feeding management
The soft-shelled turtle is an aquatic omnivore and prefers animal feed. Turtles feed on aquatic insects, leeches, clams, and shrimps. Adult turtles like to eat fish, shrimp and animal carcasses, especially the snails, snails and other mollusks, but also eat vegetables, fruits, grains and other plant feed. In soft-shelled turtle foods, add a small amount of plant foods, such as bran, corn flour, bean dregs, and a small amount of melons and trace elements, and mix them after processing and mixing.
When feeding with fresh ingredients, they must be sterilized, cleaned, and used immediately to prevent spoilage. Feeding should be taken in the form of feeding, and the feed can be 2 to 3 centimeters away from the water surface. The soft-shelled turtle is small and should minimize its interference when feeding.
Feeding should follow the "four principles" principle. That is, qualitative, fixed, timing, quantitative. Qualitative is in addition to a reasonable ratio of nutritional needs at different stages of growth, and requires no feeding of spoilage; feed is fixed at a fixed food or food facility, so that you can not only grasp the food situation, but also understand the soft-shelled turtle The growth situation is also convenient for cleaning and disinfection. In addition to fixed outdoor water tables for outdoor intensive ponds, the indoor pool should be constantly adjusted according to the size of the turtle. Timing is to adjust feeding time and frequency according to different seasons and specifications of the soft-shelled turtle. It is 3 times a day, that is, the first time is 6am, the second time is 1pm, and the third time is 7pm. Timing should not only consider the feeding time of the soft-shelled turtle, but also consider the time of digestion and absorption of the feed in the soft-shelled turtle so that the time between the meal and the meal should not be too long or too short. Although feeding rates have been established for each growth stage at present, However, it is difficult to accurately determine the actual weight of the pond at the time of actual work, so the amount of feeding should be adjusted flexibly according to the actual eating situation on the basis of the preceding meal, and the general adjustment range is about 5%.
4
Do a good job of disinfection and disease prevention
Clear water disinfection is the basic work for controlling environmental pathogens, especially the outdoor soft-shelled turtle fish polyculture pond and the intensively-developed turtle pond. Because the chances of contact with external pathogens are large and the area is large, disinfection of clear ponds is particularly important. Tang and bleached water with clear ponds; environmental disinfection can be used "bromide", "strong Hain", "gold iodine", "Strengthen Ling" and other methods using spray, sprinkler and other methods.
Because of the direct contact with the cultured animals, the turtle-raising tool is also one of the ways to pass pathogens, so regular disinfection is required. Tools disinfection generally requires 2 to 3 days disinfection 1, can be "strong Hain", "Strong" and other disinfectant spray, soaking. It can also be exposed to the sun when it is sunny and it should be kept clean at ordinary times. During the rearing period, the pool water will be corrupted with the increase of the excrement of the turtle, which will cause a large number of pathogenic microorganisms to germinate. The ecological culture of microbial preparations should be adopted, and the ecological balance of water quality through ion exchange should be adopted, and the water quality should be improved and the beneficial algae should be maintained. Photosynthesis, increase dissolved oxygen inhibition of disease bacteria. When the water quality deteriorates due to climate or special conditions, the use of high-efficiency disinfectants “Gold Iodine†and “Strong Weeping†0.5 to 1 IU to reduce bacteria in water. Turtles will inevitably bring some pathogens in stocking, stock raising, transportation and fishing, and can be prevented by disinfection drugs. When disinfecting, you must master the specific concentration and disinfection time.
Mushroom disease prevention and control drugs are mostly made of Chinese herbal medicines after finely processed powder, can play a role in promoting digestion and absorption, enhance the body's constitution and improve the body's immune system. However, disease-prevention drug additives can not be used for long-term use as a disease-prevention agent, generally 2 times a month, 5 days each time, and 0.5%-1% of the feed ratio. In the epidemic season of soft-shelled turtle, fresh feed should be supplemented with “intestine flatâ€, “heat-clear casual powderâ€, “strong-strength element†for disease prevention and disease resistance, and be combined with water body disinfection “strong hainâ€, “bromideâ€, “ "Golden Iodine", "New Elimin", "Strong Elimin" and virus blockers increase the body's disease resistance to prevent disease.
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