Straw mushroom is a kind of high-quality edible mushroom, which is a typical high-temperature mushroom type, suitable for summer cultivation. The optimum temperature for the growth of straw mushroom mycelium was 30-39°C, the optimum temperature was 36°C, and the growth was extremely weak at temperatures below 15°C or above 42°C. It stopped growing at 10°C and the mycelium died below 5°C. The optimum temperature of the fruiting body is 28-33°C. Below 24°C, the fruit body is difficult to form. Therefore, the temperature management of the cultivated straw mushroom is quite strict.
1. Site selection and processing. Choose lee, sunny, high dry, loamy soil rich in organic matter to do things to Yangshuo, 畦 width 80cm, unlimited length, depth 30cm, around the wall, the north wall is 30-35cm above the ground, the south wall is 15cm above the ground , naturally inclined from north to south. The bamboo surface is covered with bamboo and covered with film and straw to control temperature and moisture. The bottom of the raft is compacted, and the walls are shovelled and the 60-70cm walkway and drain are left inside the raft. When done, water according to soil moisture and spray ph8-9 lime water for disinfection.
2. Processing and sowing of culture materials. Formulas for culture materials: wheat straw powder 50%, cottonseed hulls 45%, bran 5%, lime 5%, 50% carbendazim 0.05%. (1) Fermentation. The wheat straw was crushed, and the ph8-9 lime water was mixed at a feed to water ratio of 1:1.8, and then the stock was fermented. Fermentation method: The material is piled into a conical shape about 1m high, or a long pile 1.5m wide and 1m high. Two or four rows of vent holes with a spacing of 30cm are drilled on the sides or both sides with a wooden rod with a diameter of 5-6cm. When the material temperature rises to 60-70°C, it is turned over and turned over once every 24 hours for a total of 4 times. When turning, pay attention to the moisture content of the culture material. When it is not enough, it should be replenished promptly to keep the moisture content at about 60%. After the last turning, spray the insecticide once on the surface of the material, and then use the plastic that has been soaked in lime water. The woven piece is tightly sealed to prevent mosquitoes and fly pollution. After the above fermentation, high-quality culture materials have the following characteristics: brown, no fecal odor and ammonia odor; texture loose and soft, hand clumps, gently shake to spread; ph7-7.5; moisture content 60%, namely Holding the culture material, water leaks from the fingers but does not drip; no insects are found. (2) sowing. Spread 15 g per square meter of fermented material into the cocoon, form a taro shape with slightly lower height on both sides, and spread the bacteria evenly on the surface. The seeding rate is slightly larger at the edge of 5-6 cm, compacted, and covered. Plastic film and haystacks.
If the bag is used for cultivation, the fermentation material should be shaken and loosened, then cooled to below 40°C and bagged. The amount of dry matter used should be 15%-20%, followed by 4 layers of bacteria. Both ends of the bag should be tied with a rope. The 8-10 holes were needled and cultured in the environment of 32-35°C. After 3-4 days, the end was opened.
3. Cultivation period management. After sowing, the temperature is mainly controlled by uncovering the grass. When the temperature is low, it will be warmed up during the day and covered with heat in the morning and evening. After the first day of general sowing, the material temperature began to rise. The temperature of the center of the material in 4-5 days could reach 40-60°C, and the material level was 30-40°C. Then it gradually decreased. When it dropped to 30-40°C, the mycelium began to grow after about 8 days. Kink to form fruiting body primordium, if the temperature is too high, to ventilate and ventilate, the growth stage is generally not watering, such as the humidity is too small, can be poured 1 water 5-6 days after sowing, or coat the material layer 1 -2cm thick fertile loam, after the emergence of fruiting primordium, to support the cover, ventilation, increase the light, which is conducive to mushrooming, this time if the water content of the culture material is insufficient, it is necessary to spray water in time, head mushroom After harvesting, if ph is less than 8-9, 1% lime water should be sprayed.
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