Design and application of automatic weather station

The automatic weather station is a device that can automatically observe and store meteorological observation data. It is mainly composed of sensors, collectors, communication interfaces, system power supplies, etc. As the value of meteorological elements changes, the power output of the sensing elements of each sensor changes. The amount of change is collected by the data collector controlled by the CPU in real time. After linearization and quantification processing, the conversion from engineering quantity to factor quantity is realized, and then the data is filtered to obtain the values ​​of each meteorological element. The automatic weather station is controlled by electronic equipment or computer, and automatically performs meteorological observation and data collection and transmission. It is generally composed of sensors, inverters, data processing devices, data transmitting devices, and power supplies. Its use can improve the time and space density of conventional meteorological observations, improve the quality and reliability of observations, ensure the comparability requirements of observations, reduce the cost of observation services, and improve operational observation conditions.

The automatic weather station meteorological sensor technology is advanced. The accuracy and stability of the product are superior, and the meteorological sensor is diversified. In addition to the basic 6-element sensor, sensors such as soil and water temperature, solar radiation, soil moisture, visibility, and cloud have mature products. Flexible use. Users can increase or decrease the type and quantity of sensors according to different needs, and the actual operation is simple. Good protective measures. The foreign automatic weather station is better than the domestic one in terms of lightning protection and anti-corrosion. It is suitable for various complicated environments, and it has done a good job in terms of maneuverability, ease of operation and quickness of maintenance.

The automatic weather station has been in operation for many years in China, providing valuable meteorological data for meteorological observations, increasing the observation experience of meteorologists, and making great achievements for the meteorological observation cause in China. However, many problems have been found. The structure of the traditional automatic weather station is centralized. The data collector must match the specific sensor. The system is not open, and the compatibility between the collectors is not strong. It is not suitable for the replacement of meteorological sensors. increase. Despite the rapid development of domestic automatic weather stations, production and investment operations are developing rapidly. However, due to the low level of technology, many hardware devices rely on imports to meet, and there is still a certain gap from the world's advanced level. It can be seen that to further improve the automation level of surface meteorological observations in China, it is necessary to renovate and upgrade the automatic weather stations, and recognize the importance of automatic weather stations, the development status and prospects of automatic weather stations at home and abroad, The basis for automatic weather station reform.

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