Scientists found "sniping" cancer stem cell carbon nanomaterials

Release date: 2015-04-01

The National Key Laboratory of Nano-Bioeffects and Safety of the National Nanoscience Center of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, in collaboration with the School of Life Sciences of the University of Science and Technology of China, found that metal fullerenol gd@c82(oh)22 carbon nanomaterials can effectively inhibit triple-negative breast cancer. The ability of stem cells to self-renew, gd@c82(oh)22 blocks the transformation of cells from epithelial (emt) to mesenchymal (met) by regulating the tumor microenvironment, achieving efficient removal of tumor stem cells and termination of tumorigenesis and metastasis. The research results were published in Nature-Communication.

Cancer stem cells are the source of drug resistance leading to cancer recurrence, metastasis, and chemotherapy and radiotherapy. Finding ways and drugs that can effectively target "sniping" cancer stem cells will hopefully become a new hope for humans to overcome tumors.

In this study, gd@c82(oh)22 was used in the oxygen-rich microenvironment on the surface of the tumor (rich tumor neovascularization) and the deprotonation and protonation in the deep hypoxic microenvironment of the tumor. The "sniping" effect of cancer stem cells and the more effective treatment of breast cancer.

The high toxicity of cancer stem cell inhibition drugs discovered so far is a key issue limiting its clinical application. In contrast, in vitro and in vivo experiments have shown that gd@c82(oh)22 carbon nanomaterials have no observable toxicity. It thus becomes a non-toxic tumor stem cell nanoinhibitor that can directly target cancer stem cells.

Tumor stem cells themselves are highly heterogeneous like tumor cells. Traditional cancer stem cell inhibitors are often targeted at a single target and can only partially weaken and not effectively kill cancer stem cells, but also significantly increase the toxicity to normal stem cells. Due to the unique physicochemical properties of the fullerene nanostructures, especially the high degree of controllability of the surface of the sphere structure, it is possible to achieve multi-functionality. Therefore, it is possible to achieve simultaneous targeting of multiple targets without increasing toxicity to normal stem cells. It provides a practical new way for the clinical treatment of cancer stem cells.

Source: Chinese Journal of Science

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