The boundary between life and death is increasingly blurred
Release date: 2014-06-25
Beijing time on June 23 news, the US Life Science website reported that sometimes the boundaries between life and death seem quite vague. Recently, a woman was mistakenly declared dead after a heart attack, and then frozen in the mortuary bag. Another woman gave birth to a baby three months after the strict death. In addition, a skier stayed in the frozen water for several hours, and then the magical resurrection did not suffer any brain damage. These examples reveal that it is very difficult to determine the difference between life and death. With the birth of mechanical ventilators, the clear definition of death has become more ambiguous and replaced by clinical definitions. However, these terms, such as "brain death" and "circular death", may lead to ambiguity between the deceased and the living, experts say.
What is death?
Although the term clinical death is used frequently, it is not uniformly defined. Dr. James Bernat, a neuroscientist at the Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth College in New Hampshire, USA, said. In most hospitals, the patient's attending physician will make a decision about death, and there is no uniform standard as to when to make a death sentence.
"When the doctor says you are dead, you are dead." Bernat said. Until the 1950s, death was thought to be the moment when one of the important functions—heartbeat, brain activity, or breathing—stopped. Because the basic reasoning is that once a part of these functions fails, the others will soon fail.
However, with the advent of mechanical ventilators, the latter was able to push air in and out of the lungs, a new category, brain death, which was produced, Bernard said. This has led to the emergence of a new type of person with a warm body, a blood circulation that can even resist infection or pregnancy, but they have no brain function at all, the philosophy of death definition in Walsh University, Ohio, USA. Leslie Whetstine said this.
To be declared a brain death, a person must undergo an irreversible loss of all brain function. Doctors must conduct neurological tests to search for EEG activity or blood circulation to the brain, and to investigate whether the patient is attempting to breathe spontaneously after the ventilator is turned off before the patient is declared dead.
The development of organ transplants has also contributed to the development of this new type of death. "Patients diagnosed with brain death are ideal multi-organ donors." Because all his organs have oxygen transport, there is no damage, Bernard said.
Cyclic death
If the patient's heart stops beating and does not self-bounce again, the doctor will announce that he has died. But the heart sometimes restarts itself after stopping the beat, which makes it a bit tricky to determine the exact death. "The question is how long do you have to announce the death of the patient after the heart stops beating?" Bernard said.
Cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) can resuscitate a patient after a few minutes of heartbeat, without causing persistent brain damage, so doctors tend to have at least 38 minutes of CPR at the American Heart Association (American Heart Association). A 2013 study presented at the Association) said so.
The doctor can declare the death of the patient before this, which often occurs when the patient asks not to recover. But sometimes, the time to CPR the patient is not long, which leads to the possibility of some patients who may be resurrected eventually dying.
Confusing definition
Because some death sentences require doctors to decide to intervene or stop trying, this can sometimes lead to controversy. For example, a patient is already in the hospital and is classified as an organ donor. "Suddenly, his heart stopped beating," Bernard said. "The controversy about whether he died at that moment is all four." The difference between brain death and cycle death only makes things more complicated.
"What we care about most is whether the brain supports the existence of consciousness," so death is defined as the irreversible loss of consciousness, says Whitstone. This makes those whose heart stops beating, or who have no brain function, defined as death, but at the same time does not produce two types of death.
According to this definition, some patients considered to be in a persistent vegetative state may be considered dead, but because some vegetative people occasionally flicker conscious, the patient can only be considered dead after meeting the criteria for brain death.
Source: Phoenix Technology
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